M2 U2 Food And Health

Question 0

A balanced diet

Answer 0

Is one that contains all the nutrients required for health in appropriate proportions.

Question 1

Nutrition

Answer 1

Is nourishment- the nutrients and energy needed for health and growth

Question 2

Obesity

Answer 2

Is when a person is 20% or more, heavier than the recommended weight for their height.

Question 3

BMI

Answer 3

Mass in kg/(height in m)^2

Question 4

Lipoproteins

Answer 4

are a combination of lipid, cholesterol and protein used to transport fats and cholesterol around the body.

Question 5

Selective breeding

Answer 5

Is where humans select the individual organisms that are allowed to breed according to chosen characteristics.

Question 6

Fertilisers

Answer 6

Are minerals needed for plant growth, which are added to the soil to improve its fertility.

Question 7

A Pesticide

Answer 7

Is a chemical that kills pests.

Question 8

A fungicide

Answer 8

Is a chemical that kills fungi

Question 9

An antibiotic

Answer 9

Is a chemical that kills or prevents reproduction in bacteria.

Question 10

Health

Answer 10

Is a state of mental, physical and social wellbeing, not just the absence of disease.

Question 11

Disease

Answer 11

Is a departure from good health caused by a malfunction of the mind or body

Question 12

A parasite

Answer 12

Is an organism that lives in or on another living being, causing harm to its host.

Question 13

A pathogen

Answer 13

Is an organism that causes disease

Question 14

Transmission

Answer 14

Is the way in which a parasitic microorganism travels from one host to another.

Question 15

The World Health Organisation

Answer 15

Is part of the United Nations. It is the specialised agency for health. WHO’s objective is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health

Question 16

The primary defences

Answer 16

Are those that attempt to prevent pathogens from entering the body

Question 17

The immune response

Answer 17

Is the specific response to a pathogen, which involves the action of lymphocytes and the production of antibodies.

Question 18

Antigens

Answer 18

Are the molecules that stimulate an immune response.

Question 19

Antibodies

Answer 19

Are protein molecules that can identify and neutralise antigens.

Question 20

Specificity:

Answer 20

An antibody is specific to a particular antigen because of the shape of the variable region. Each type of antibody has a differently shaped variable region.

Question 21

Cell signalling

Answer 21

Is the communication between cells that allows effective coordination of a response.

Question 22

Memory cells

Answer 22

Are cells that circulate in the blood after an immune response. They speed up the response to a subsequent attack by the same pathogen.

Question 23

Lymphocytes

Answer 23

Are white blood cells that circulate around the body in the blood and lymph. B cells mature in the bone marrow, while T cells originate in the bone marrow but mature in the thymus gland.

Question 24

A vaccination

Answer 24

Is a deliberate exposure to antigenic material, which activates the immune system to make an immune response and provide immunity.

Question 25

Carcinogens

Answer 25

Are chemicals that cause cancer

Question 26

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 26

is a combination of diseases, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Question 27

Atherosclerosis

Answer 27

Is the deposition of fatty substances in the walls of the arteries.

Question 28

Cardiovascular disease

Answer 28

Is a disease of the heart or circulatory system

Question 29

coronary heart disease (CHD)

Answer 29

Is a disease of the heart, caused by malfunction of the coronary arteries.

Question 30

Stroke

Answer 30

Is the death if part of the brain due to a lack of blood flow to that part of the brain and subsequent oxygen deficiency.

Question 31

A Risk factor

Answer 31

Is a factor that increases the chance or risk that a person will develop a disease

Question 32

Epidemiology

Answer 32

Is the study of the distribution of a disease in populations and the factors that influence its spread.