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AUBF > M2: U1 Specimen type collection, preservation > Flashcards

M2: U1 Specimen type collection, preservation Flashcards

1
Q

Correction factor for protein in urinometer and refractometer

A

0.003 for every 1 g/dL

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2
Q

Correction factor for glucose in urinometer and refractometer

A

0.004 per 1 g/dl

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3
Q

Temperature correcting factored form urinometer

A

0.001 for every 3 degrees celsius below or above 20 degree celsius

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4
Q

displaces a volume of liquid equal to its weight

A

urinometer

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5
Q

Comparison of velocity of light in air velocity of light in a solution

A

Refractometer

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6
Q

Calibration for distilled water in refractometer

A

1.000

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7
Q

Calibration for 3% sodium chloride in refractometer

A

1.0 15

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8
Q

Calibration for 5% nacl in refractometer

A

1.022

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9
Q

Calibration of nine percent sucrose in refractometer

A

1.0 24

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10
Q

Principle of reagent strip

A

Pka change of a polyelectrolyte

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11
Q

Indirect measurements of specific gravity

A

Reagent strip and refractometer

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12
Q

Direct measurement of specific gravity

A

urinometer
harmonic oscillation densitometry

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13
Q

Fluid biopsy of the kidney

A

You didn’t

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14
Q

Temperature of urine

A

32.5 to 37.5 degrees celsius

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15
Q

Major solute of urine

A

Urea

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16
Q

Most concentrated and ideal specimen of choice because of stability of formed elements in acidic urine

A

First morning urine

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17
Q

Contains no metabolites from food ingested before fasting . And is recommended for glucose monitoring

A

Second morning fasting specimen

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18
Q

Collected at any time and is satisfactory for routine screening

A

Random urine

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19
Q

Best for cytology studies

A

Random clean catch

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20
Q

Analytes that are lowest in the early morning and highest in the afternoon

A

Catecholamines electrolytes proteins and 17 hydroxysteroid

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21
Q

Best collection time for urinary urobilinogen

A

2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. because of stability in alkaline urine

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22
Q

Collection technique with no patient preparation or assistance needed

A

Routine void

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23
Q

Safer last chromatic method which is less contaminated by veginal discharge epithelial cells and bacteria

A

Midstream clean catch

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24
Q

Used to acquire sterile urine directly from bladder for culture

A

Suprapubic collection

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25
3 glass collection is also called
Prostatitis specimen
26
Purpose of third specimen in prostatitis specimen
Indicator of prostatic infection if 10 times more wbc than for specimen
27
Purpose of second specimen in prostatitis specimen
Control for bladder and kidney infection
28
Change in color of unpreserved urine
Darkens
29
Change in clarity ofunpreserved urine
Decrease
30
Change in odor of unpreserved urine
Ammoniacal foul
31
change in pH of unpreserved urine
increase
32
change in glucose in unpreserved urine
decrease
33
change in ketone of unpreserved urine
decrease
34
change in bilirubin in unpreserved urine
decrease
35
change in urobilinogen in unpreserved urine
decrease
36
change in niteite in unpreserved urine
increase
37
Inexpensive preservative with no chemical interference
Refrigeration
38
Preservative that causes precipitation of amorphous urates and phosphates and raises specific gravity
Refrigeration
39
Preserves chemicals and formed elements at room temperature but alters ph specific gravity hormones drugs and sodium and potassium
Commercial preservatives
40
Preserves proteins and formed elements well and does not interfere exact in ph
Boric acid
41
Interferes with drug and hormone analysis is bacteriostatic
Boric acid
42
Preserve sediment elements and glucose and inhibit bacterial and yeast growth
thymol
43
Used for culture transport
Boric acid
44
Use for sediment preparation
thymol
45
Excellent preservative for urine and cast
Formalin
46
False negative for many analytes but best for cytology
Formalin
47
Does not interfere with any routine tests but floats on specimens and clings to pipettes
toluene
48
Prevent glycolysis and is used for drug analytes
Sodium fluoride
49
Excellent cellular preservative but potential chemical hazard
Saccomanos fixative
50
Stabilizes phospholipids steroid hormones but should not be used for routine urinalysis
Acids
51
Stabilizes porphobilinogen and porphyrins but not for urinalysis
Sodium carbonate
52
Does not interfere with any routine tests but causes change in odor
Phenol
53
Normal daily urine output
600 to 2000 ml
54
Average daily urine output
1200 to 1500 ml
55
Night volume
Less than 400 ml
56
Polyuria
Greater than 2.5 liters per day
57
Oliguria
Less than 400 ml per day
58
Anuria
Complete cessation of urine flow or less than 100 ml per day for 2 to 3 consecutive days despite fluid intake
59
Nocturia
Greater than 500 ml per night
60
Causes the yellow color of urine and darkens when exposed to light
urochrome
61
Imports of pink or brick dust pigment to refrigerated urine
uroerythrin
62
Orange brown color to unfresh urine
urobilin
63
Colorless to light yellow
Recent water intake polyuria severe tubular disease
64
Dark yellow to amber
First morning specimen dehydration bilirubin urobilin continuous exercise fever
65
Yellow orange
Phenazopyridine phenindion carotene rich foods warfarin rifampin
66
Yellow brown
Nitrofurantoin
67
Bright yellow
Multivitamins riboflavin
68
Yellow green
Biliverdin
69
Blue green
Severe pseudomonas uti indican in intestinal infection methylene blue cloret amitriptyline (antidepressant) methocarbamol (muscle spasm)
70
Purple
Klebsiella and Providencia in urine stored for a long time
71
Red purple or port wine
Porphyrin or porphobilinogen
72
Pink
Minimal presence of blood and porphobilinogen
73
Red
Hematuria and hemoglobinuria
74
Red brown
Metronidazole
75
Brown black
Melanin homogentisic acid Levodopa methyldopa
76
Formation of white stable phone
Albumin
77
Formation of yellow green foam
Presence of bilirubin
78
Cause of turbidity found in acidic urine
Amorphous urate radiographic contrast media
79
Cause of turbidity found in alkaline urine
Amorphous phosphate carbonate
80
Cause of turbidity soluble with heat
Amorphous urate uric acid
81
Cause of turbidity soluble in dilute acetic acid
Rbc amorphous phosphate carbonate
82
Cause of turbidity insoluble in dilute acetic acid
Wbc bacteria yeast sperm cell
83
Cause of turbidity soluble in ether
Lipid lymph fluid c h y l e
84
Specific gravity stays at 1.0 10 unable to the absorb or secrete
Isosthenuria
85
Normal urine odor
Aromatic
86
Foul ammoniacal
Bacterial decomposition uti prolonged standing
87
pus, protein decay and severe uti
Strongly pungent or fetid
88
Maple syrup urine disease
Maple syrup
89
Mousy or barny
Phenylketonuria
90
Rancid
tyrosinuria
91
Sweaty feet
Isovaleric acidemia
92
Cabbage or hop for grass
methionine malabsorption

AUBF (12 decks)

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