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M15 > M15.3 > Flashcards

M15.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is total head pressure?

A

Pressure of the air when brought to rest in front of the wing and intakes

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2
Q

Where does air enter from?

A

The engine air intake

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3
Q

What is it called when an inlet duct gets wider?

A

A divergent duct

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4
Q

What does having a divergent duct do to the airflow?

A

The static pressure increases (Bernoulli’s principle)

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5
Q

Why does air need to be smooth when entering the engine?

A

To be as efficient as it can

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6
Q

What can cause air disturbance?

A

Damage inlet, damaged nose, ice build up, crosswinds at low speeds

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7
Q

What is the first component of the gas turbine to contribute to generation of thrust?

A

The air inlet duct

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8
Q

What should the air velocity be at the compressor inlet?

A

Mach 0.4-0.7

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9
Q

What are air inlets designed to do?

A

Decelerate the airflow by converting kinetic energy to pressure energy

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10
Q

What would poor air pressure and velocity distribution result in?

A

A compressor stall

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11
Q

What may air from behind the intake lip suffer from?

A

Flow separation due to extreme local acceleration

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12
Q

How would you reduce the risk of flow separation at the intake lip?

A

Have well rounded intake lips

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13
Q

What are blow-away jets used for?

A

To blow away vortexes in front of the engine

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14
Q

How would you overcome crosswind?

A

You would restrict from applying full power until a specific speed is reached

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15
Q

What speed range is pitot type intake used for?

A

Low supersonic 1.5 Mach

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16
Q

What is critical condition?

A

When the intake cross section must be efficient for maximum airflow

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17
Q

What are the three types of shock waves at supersonic inlet ducts?

A
  • normal or perpendicular
  • oblique
  • bow wave
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18
Q

What does most of the energy turn into on a normal shockwave?

A

Unusable heat

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19
Q

What speed range does a normal shockwave happen?

A

Low supersonic

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20
Q

When would a oblique shockwave happen?

A

When the airflow is forced to change direction

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21
Q

When a oblique shockwave happens how fast is the air going after the wave?

A

Supersonic

22
Q

When would a bow shockwave occur?

A

If the speed drops or flow deviation exceeds a maximum angle

23
Q

When would a normal shock diffuser inlet be used?

A

At low supersonic speeds where the normal sock wave isn’t too strong

24
Q

How does a oblique shock inlet work?

A

It uses oblique shockwaves before using a normal shockwave

25
Q

How does a multiple oblique shock inlet work?

A

It uses multiple oblique shock waves

26
Q

Why are small shockwaves used in front of large ones?

A

To waste less energy and have a high pressure recovery

27
Q

How does a variable supersonic inlet work?

A

It’s a equipped with an actuator operated panel to change the number of shock waves

28
Q

What happens when a variable supersonic inlet is at a flight speed below Mach 1?

A

It will be fully open with a high angle of attack

29
Q

What happens when a variable supersonic inlet is at a flight speed above Mach 1?

A

It will operate the panel actuated to adjust angles to get multiple shock waves

30
Q

What happens when a variable supersonic inlet is at a flight speed of Mach 1?

A

It only produces a single normal shockwave

31
Q

What two problems does ice cause on the inlet?

A

Flow distribution and pieces of ice going in the engine

32
Q

What would tell you the operating conditions in cold icy weather?

A

The maintenance manual

33
Q

What is the most common type of ice protection?

A

Thermal systems

34
Q

What is the thermal system for ice protection split into?

A

Bleed air and electrical heating

35
Q

Which heating sub-system can do the nose spinner?

A

Bleed air

36
Q

What can be used to protect the nose spinner from ice build up?

A
  • bleed air
  • hot oil
  • rubber spike
37
Q

When would bleed air be used for ice protection?

A

It’s used on engines with high mass airflow

38
Q

Where does the bleed air for ice protection come from?

A

The high pressure compressor which gets passed through the pressure regulations bleed valves

39
Q

If bleed air is used in the nose cone where does the air go afterwards?

A

Either overboard or into the low pressure compressor

40
Q

What does pressing the engine anti-icing switch energies?

A

The thermal anti-icing valve

41
Q

What does the engine anti-ice system use?

A

Pneumatic air or bleed air

42
Q

What part of the structure does the anti-ice system protect?

A

The leading edge of the wing

43
Q

Where is electrical ice protection normally used?

A

On turbo-prop engines

44
Q

What type of flow would the electrical ice protection come in?

A

AC and DC

45
Q

How many amps is used in the continuous electrical ice protection?

A

18 amps

46
Q

How many amps is used for the cycling electrical ice protection?

A

29 amps

47
Q

What determines fast or slow on the electrical ice protection system?

A

The outside air temperature

48
Q

At what temperatures would you select fast cycle on the electrical ice protection system?

A

Between -6C and +10C

49
Q

At what temperatures would you select slow cycle on the electrical ice protection system?

A

Below -6C

50
Q

How is cycling from the electrical ice protection system indicated?

A

A light will be glowing bright then dim

51
Q

How would over heating be indicated on a heater mat?

A

Splits, wrinkling, tears, and discolouration

M15 (15 decks)

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