M11.5 Flashcards
Basic T
- air speed indicator
- attitude director indicator
- horizontal situational indicator
- altimeter
What type of altitude does the altimeter give
Barometric altitude
What gyro is used for attitude director indicator
Vertical axis gyro
What gyro does the horizontal situation indicator use
Horizontal gyro
A basic EFIS system has how many screens
6
Explain basic EFIS from order
- PFD
- ND
- ECAM/EICAS
- ND
- PFD
Advantages of EFIS system
- redundancy
- interchangeable
Disadvantage of EFIS SYSTEM
Higher electrical consumption
Radio altimeter is functional within what altitude
- 0-2500 ft (<2500ft)
Explain transducers
- analogue signal converts to analogue electrical signal
- (AC TO DC)
What instruments are functional via static pressure system
- altimeter
- ASI
- VSI
Where is the static pressure system located
- area of smooth airflow (away from relative flow)
- forward fuselage
Explain static source error
- difference between real static and measured
Explain baffles in pitot tube
- prevents FOD and water
If the aircraft is parked what must be done to the pitot tube
- covered
Explain alternate static source selector valve
Allows pilot to use co-pilots static pressure system
When would you use perform a pitot static leak test
- system disrupted/changed
Explain QNH
Height above sea level
Explain QFE
- height of airfield level
Explain QNE
Height indicated when scale is 1013.25hpa
How many ADIRUUs are on a aircraft
3
Explain standby ADIRUU
- 1 standby
- ready functioning (automatic switching)
Explain standby horizon
- has own gyro (vertical) (pitch and roll)
- DC battery powered
- 20mins run down
Explain rate gyro
- rate of turn (yaw)
Gyro stability depends on
- mass
- rotational speed
- distance between axis + centre of mass
How fast do gyros spin
- 22000RPM
- (20000-24000)
Freedom of earth type gyro
2 degrees
Explain rate gyros
- 1 degree freedom
If rate gyros are held by a spring what is the freedom
1.5 freedom
Explain torque motors/levelling switches
- keeping aircraft level
- due to 15 degree change every hour
Explain laser gyros
- 3 laser gyros x,y,z
- beam of light split in 2 opposite directions
How often is the FMS updated
28 days
Explain deviation
- difference between compass and magnetic
Explain variation
- difference between magnetic and true
How does the turn indicator work
- bubble stays middle for coordinated turn (steady turn)
How do instruments dampen compass movements
Fluid
Explain magnetic compass lighting
- light cancels out magnetic field, so no interference
Where are flux valves located
- wing tip/vertical stab
- further from any electrical appliances
When does the STALL warning occur
- before
What happens when AOA exceeds alpha max
- Stall
How can the alpha max be changed
Depending on flaps, slats, LG etc
What type of movement do stick shakers produce
Mechanical vibration
Do the EFIS system get dimmer or brighter in the night
Dimmer
What gyro is used for the NAV screen
Directional gyro (horizontal)
What gyro does the PFD use
Vertical gyro
What movements do vertical gyros produce
Pitch and roll
Explain rose
360 degrees
Explain arc
180 degrees
Explain flight director
- tells pilot where to fly (manually)
- e.g. left / right
Explain qualitive
- colour
Explain quantitative
- number
When is static air temp = total air temp
On ground
Is pitch trim ON the entire flight
- yes
Explain yaw dumper
- counteract dutch roll
- rudder moves opposite direction
- on during entire flight
Explain flight envelope
- autopilot fly within specific parameters
- puts small manoeuvre, not harsh
Explain inner loop (closed)?
- change from selected flight path and returning to original altitude
Explain outer loop
- Controls inner loop (gives commands e.g. altitude, heading etc)
How many autopilot systems are required as a minimum
2
Explain fail operational
- operational despite failure (auto land still possible)
Explain fail passive
- withstand failure without endangering safety (manual)
Explain VHF
- 30-300MHz
- 108-118 -> NAV
- 118-137 -> COMMS
- BW used to be 25khz but now 8.33khz
What is VHF 3 used for
ACARS
Explain HF
- 3-30MHz
- long range (worldwide)
What is used to overcome HF problems
SATCOM
What would be used for sky wave
- HF
- VHF
- SATCOM
HF
What would be used for space wave
- HF
- VHF
- SATCOM
SATCOM
What would be used for surface/ground wave
- HF
- VHF
- SATCOM
- VHF
Function of ACARS
Reduce pilot work load
Explain a antenna tuning unit
- electrically changes the aerial length
What does SELCAL simply do
- Filters unwanted radio transmissions
- used for both VHF and HF
Explain steering beam
- Antenna changes direction to lock onto SATCOM
- if not it goes to the next available SATCOM
If ACARS does not go through VHF, what can be alternatively used
SATCOM
Is FDR and CVR connected together
Yes
How many units of FDR and CVR is available on an aircraft
2
How does the FDR know when to start and end recording of flight
- engine oil pressure switch
- airspeed indicator
How many hours is stored on the FDR and CVR
25
Where is the FDR + CVR located
Rear aft bulkhead
How long does the underwater locator beacon transmit for
Continuous for at least 90 days
What frequency does the pinger transmit at
37.5 KHz
The underwater locator beacon and FdR can withstand water depths of
> 3000 metres
