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M11 > 11.13 LANDING GEAR > Flashcards

11.13 LANDING GEAR Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main landing gear (MLG) arrangements

A
  • tail wheel
  • tricycle-type
  • Tandem
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2
Q

Where is the aircraft’s CG positioned in a tricycle configuration

A
  • ahead of main wheels
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3
Q

Which configuration is uncommon

A
  • Tabdem configuration
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4
Q

When would you use fixed and retractable landing gear

A

Low speed aircraft - fixed
High speed aircraft - retractable

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5
Q

What is the function of the MLG in terms of load

A
  • transfers operational loads to the aircraft structure
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6
Q

Explain the trunnion link

A
  • connect top of leg to wing structure
  • allows leg to rotate into and out of landing gear bay
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7
Q

The shock strut has 2 telescopic cylinders known as

A
  • outer and inner cylinder
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8
Q

What does a side strut do

A
  • resists lateral or side way movements
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9
Q

What does a drag strut brace do

A
  • used on NLG
  • Stabilises longitudinal force
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10
Q

Explain the shortening link

A
  • landing gear bay is limited, so it is necessary to shorten the gear during retraction
  • mechanism to shorten gear during retraction
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11
Q

What does the drag strut do

A

-stabilises leg against longitudinal movement

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12
Q

What are multiple wheels on a main gear called

A

Bogie

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13
Q

What can be fitted to prevent retraction on ground

A

Ground lock pin

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14
Q

Explain the Nose landing gear

A
  • steerable
  • does not have brakes
  • lighter (as it carries less load)
  • not designed to support initial landing load
  • retracts forward
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15
Q

What is a centring cam

A

Used for aligning wheels

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16
Q

When an aircraft takes off what happens to the inner cylinder

A
  • Inner cylinder drops under its own weight
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17
Q

When an aircraft lands, what happens to the inner cylinder

A
  • It is compressed meaning it is shorter in length
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18
Q

What is the torque link damper also known as

A

Shimmy damper

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19
Q

How is the shock of a landing absorbed

A
  • energy transferred through the airframe
  • by converting energy into heat energy
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20
Q

Explain a oleo-pneumatic

A

Fluid spring with gas or oil (or mixture)
- compressed nitrogen and oil used

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21
Q

How are main gear struts serviced

A
  • nitrogen gas + with specific hydraulic fluid
22
Q

What is dimension X/H

A

The shock struts extension of the inner cylinder

23
Q

Why does the lever of the landing gear have detent positions

A
  • prevent vibration
  • accidental selections
24
Q

Why is it crucial to sequence the landing gear correctly

A
  • prevent gear from becoming jammed
25
Q

In the event of hydraulic failure or main system failure, how is the landing gear extended

A
  • system withdraws up-locks
  • mechanical and electrical linkages
  • gears free fall and lock under gravity and airflow
26
Q

How is a landing gear system indicated in the cockpit

A
  • Indicator lights
  • ECAM (electronic centralised aircraft monitor)
27
Q

Colour of each gear indicator meaning
Green -
Red -
No light -

A

DOWN AND LOCKED
UNLOCKED OR TRAVELLING
UP AND LOCKED

28
Q

Explain micro switches

A
  • open and close electrical circuit
  • makes signal via surface contact
29
Q

Why would you use a proximity switch over a micro switch

A
  • In high risk corrosion areas due to dirt and moisture
30
Q

What are the 2 different types of proximity switches used on aircraft

A
  • Reed switch
  • electronic switch
31
Q

Explain how a reed switch is used

A
  • consists of 2 spring loaded contacts
  • contacts embedded in glass tube which contains gas to protect against corrosion
  • contacts closed by magnetic flux
32
Q

Explain the electronic proximity switch

A
  • sensing coil that is done by a electronic unit
  • target made from non-magnetic ferrous material
  • electronic unit detects change in coil impedance and switches
33
Q

What are aircraft wheels typically produced from

A
  • Aluminium alloy
  • Magnesium alloy
34
Q

Do modern aircraft have tube or tubeless tyres

A
  • tubeless
35
Q

What bearings are used for aircraft wheels

A
  • tapered roller bearings
36
Q

Are the brakes fitted to the inboard or outboard do the wheel?

A

Inboard

37
Q

What are the brake disks driven by

A

Steel drive keys

38
Q

What does a heat shield do

A

Prevents the brake heat from damaging the wheels

39
Q

What are thermal relief plugs

A

Automatically release tyre pressure when the temp of wheel exceeds a certain level

40
Q

What is the relationship between kinetic energy and heat when using the brakes

A

Kinetic energy is converted to heat energy

41
Q

What extinguisher is used to take out brake fires

A

Dry powder extinguisher

42
Q

Explain multiple disc brakes

A
  • increased friction surface which maximises braking forces and heat to disperse
43
Q

How lighter is carbon brakes than steel brakes

A

40% lighter

44
Q

Carbon heat packs withstand temperatures —-% higher than steel component brakes

A

50

45
Q

How much longer do carbon heat packs last over steel brakes

A

20% - 50%

46
Q

What is the disadvantage of carbon heat packs over steel heat packs

A

Expensive

47
Q

Piston clearance is the distance between?

A

Piston and spring sleeve

48
Q

Before checking the wear of the the brakes what must be done

A
  • parking brakes set
  • brake must be cold
49
Q

What gives you a visual indicator of the overall wear of the heat pack

A
  • wear indicator pin
50
Q

How does the parking brake system work

A

Permanent pressurisation of brake hydraulic circuit

51
Q

Anti skid

A

M11 (17 decks)

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