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BSC 2085 > M1, S3, Histology > Flashcards

M1, S3, Histology Flashcards

1
Q

The main function of connective tissue is to…?

A

hold tissues together

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2
Q

What is the term for the visualization method that depends on the specific antigen-antibody interactions for visualizing cellular contents?

A

Immunohistochemistry

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3
Q

Epithelium is ________, with no blood vessels entering between the cells

A

avascular

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4
Q

Unlike connective tissue, epithelial tissue is highly ______, with little extracellular material.

A

cellular

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5
Q

Which type of epithelial tissue makes up part of the sweat glands, mammary glands and salivary glands?

A

stratified cuboidal

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6
Q

________ glands secrete non-hormone products to a tissue surface.
Ex: sweat glands, goblet cells, digestive glands, and sebaceous/oil glands.

A

Exocrine

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7
Q

Endocrine glands lack _____.

A

ducts

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8
Q

_______ glands produce hormones.

A

Endocrine

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9
Q

Name a uniccellular exocrine gland…

A

Goblet cell

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10
Q

Name a multicellular exocrine gland…

A

Sweat glands, salivary glands, sebaceous glands

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11
Q

_______ glands are the most common type of exocrine gland.

A

Merocrine

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12
Q

Merocrine glands are the most common type of exocrine gland. Secretory vesicles containing the cell product collect at the apical surface of the secretory cell, to be released via _________ into the lumen of the gland.

A

exocytosis

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13
Q

________ glands are less common. Their product accumulates at the apical surface of the secreting cell until that portion of the cell is cleaved from the rest of the cell as part of the secretion

A

Apocrine

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14
Q

________ glands secrete their products by shedding whole cells. Their product accumulates in the cytosol of the secreting cell until it matures, ruptures, and dies, becoming part of the secretion itself.

A

Holocrine

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15
Q

What are examples of holocrine glands?

A

Sebaceous/oil glands

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16
Q

The mammary glands are an example of which type of mulitcellular exocrine gland?

A

compound acinar

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17
Q

What is an example of a simple coiled tubular exocrine gland?

A

Sweat gland

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18
Q

Connective tissue is composed of which of the following substances?

  • cytosol
  • red blood cells
  • support cells
  • extracellular matrix
  • nerve tissue
A
  • support cells

- extracellular matrix

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19
Q

T/F: Thermogenesis is not a function of connective tissue.

A

True

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20
Q

Which of the following support cells are mononucleate cells that secrete the extracellular matrix components of bone?

  • chrondroblasts
  • osteoblasts
  • adipocytes
  • myofibroblasts
  • fibroblasts
A

-osteoblasts

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21
Q

________ secrete fibers, including collagen, and some of the ground substance component of the extracellular matrix.

A

Fibroblasts

22
Q

Reticular fibers are found in which of the following locations?

  • spleen
  • smooth muscle tissue
  • adipose tissue
  • skin
  • blood vessels
A
  • spleen
  • smooth muscle tissue
  • adipose tissue
  • blood vessels
23
Q

Which of the following types of fibers are found in the extracellular matrix and are produced by fibroblasts and made up of the protein collagen?

  • smooth muscle fibers
  • elastic fibers
  • collagen fibers
  • reticular fibers
A

-reticular fibers

24
Q

______ connective tissue is widely distributed throughout the body. It contains collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers, randomly arranged between cells. A range of cell types are present including fibroblasts, adipocytes, mast cells, macrophages, and plasma cells

A

Areolar

25
Q

Tendons and ligaments are made up of dense ______ connective tissue.

A

regular

26
Q

The dermis of the skin, fibrous pericardium around the heart, heart valves, perichondrium surrounding cartilage, and periosteum surrounding bone, are all made up of dense ________ connective tissue.

A

irregular

27
Q

T/F: Dense irregular connective tissue occurs in SHEETS, made up of an irregular arrangement of tightly packed collagen fibers.

A

TRUE

28
Q

Cartilage extracellular matrix is deposited by __________.

A

chondroblasts

29
Q

What is the strongest cartilage in the body?

A

Fibrocartilage

30
Q

Which cartilage is weakest, but most abundant?

A

Hyaline cartilage

31
Q

________ growth occurs from within the body of cartilage during childhood and adolescence, while cartilage is young and pliable

A

Interstitial

32
Q

_________ growth occurs at the outer surface of cartilage, starting later in life than interstitial growth and continuing through adolescence

A

Appositional

33
Q

Which of the following cells deposits cartilage extracellular matrix?

  • osteocyte
  • osteoclast
  • osteoblast
  • chrondroblast
A

-chrondroblast

34
Q

Which of the following descriptions of fibroblasts are correct?

  • propagate action potentials
  • secrete some components of the ground substance
  • store lipids
  • secrete histamine in response to various stimuli
  • present in most connective tissue
  • secrete fibers including collagen
A
  • secrete some components of the ground substance
  • present in most connective tissue
  • secrete fibers including collagen
35
Q

Which two muscle tissues are striated?

A

Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle

36
Q

Long, thin –>
Branched –>
Spindle-shaped –>

A

Skeletal muscle tissue
Cardiac muscle tissue
Smooth muscle tissue

37
Q

Which muscle tissue is non-striated?

A

Smooth muscle tissue

38
Q

_______ muscle fibers are filled with contractile proteins arranged such that they form striations of alternating light and dark bands.

A

skeletal

39
Q

What is the name given to an individual cardiac muscle fiber?

A

Cardiomyocyte

40
Q

Which of the following types of muscle feature cells linked by gap junctions?

  • cardiac muscle
  • skeletal muscle
  • smooth muscle
A
  • cardiac muscle

- smooth muscle

41
Q

What is the name of the non-neuronal cells of the nervous system that provide support, nourishment, and protection to neurons?

A

Neuroglia

42
Q

_______ membranes are found lining body cavities, or tracts, that open into the external environment, such as the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts.

A

Mucous

43
Q

______ membranes are found covering organs (visceral serous membrane) and lining body cavities (parietal serous membrane) that do not open into the external environment.

A

Serous

44
Q

The ________ membrane refers to the skin covering the surface of the body.

A

cutaneous

45
Q

________ membranes consist exclusively of connective tissue and are found lining the cavities of mobile joints

A

Synovial

46
Q

Mucous membranes are found lining which of the following locations?

  • respiratory tract
  • skin
  • kidney
  • lungs
  • knee joint
A

-respiratory tract

47
Q

Which of the following structures are lined by a mucous membrane?

  • brain
  • heart
  • vagina
  • stomach
  • trachea
A
  • vagina
  • stomach
  • trachea
48
Q

Damage of nervous tissue is called ______.

A

gliosis

49
Q

______ tissue has a relatively poor capacity for the repair of dead or damaged cells.

A

Muscle

50
Q

**What is the term for the type of tissue that when damaged undergoes tissue repair, forming non-functional scar tissue?

A

Stromal tissue

51
Q

What is the term for the process by which fibroblasts divide and differentiate to produce scar tissue?

A

fibrosis

BSC 2085 (7 decks)

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