M1, S3, Histology

Question 1

The main function of connective tissue is to…?

Answer 1

hold tissues together

Question 2

What is the term for the visualization method that depends on the specific antigen-antibody interactions for visualizing cellular contents?

Answer 2

Immunohistochemistry

Question 3

Epithelium is ________, with no blood vessels entering between the cells

Answer 3

avascular

Question 4

Unlike connective tissue, epithelial tissue is highly ______, with little extracellular material.

Answer 4

cellular

Question 5

Which type of epithelial tissue makes up part of the sweat glands, mammary glands and salivary glands?

Answer 5

stratified cuboidal

Question 6

________ glands secrete non-hormone products to a tissue surface.
Ex: sweat glands, goblet cells, digestive glands, and sebaceous/oil glands.

Answer 6

Exocrine

Question 7

Endocrine glands lack _____.

Answer 7

ducts

Question 8

_______ glands produce hormones.

Answer 8

Endocrine

Question 9

Name a uniccellular exocrine gland…

Answer 9

Goblet cell

Question 10

Name a multicellular exocrine gland…

Answer 10

Sweat glands, salivary glands, sebaceous glands

Question 11

_______ glands are the most common type of exocrine gland.

Answer 11

Merocrine

Question 12

Merocrine glands are the most common type of exocrine gland. Secretory vesicles containing the cell product collect at the apical surface of the secretory cell, to be released via _________ into the lumen of the gland.

Answer 12

exocytosis

Question 13

________ glands are less common. Their product accumulates at the apical surface of the secreting cell until that portion of the cell is cleaved from the rest of the cell as part of the secretion

Answer 13

Apocrine

Question 14

________ glands secrete their products by shedding whole cells. Their product accumulates in the cytosol of the secreting cell until it matures, ruptures, and dies, becoming part of the secretion itself.

Answer 14

Holocrine

Question 15

What are examples of holocrine glands?

Answer 15

Sebaceous/oil glands

Question 16

The mammary glands are an example of which type of mulitcellular exocrine gland?

Answer 16

compound acinar

Question 17

What is an example of a simple coiled tubular exocrine gland?

Answer 17

Sweat gland

Question 18

Connective tissue is composed of which of the following substances?

• cytosol
• red blood cells
• support cells
• extracellular matrix
• nerve tissue

Answer 18

• support cells

- extracellular matrix

Question 19

T/F: Thermogenesis is not a function of connective tissue.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Which of the following support cells are mononucleate cells that secrete the extracellular matrix components of bone?

• chrondroblasts
• osteoblasts
• adipocytes
• myofibroblasts
• fibroblasts

Answer 20

-osteoblasts

Question 21

________ secrete fibers, including collagen, and some of the ground substance component of the extracellular matrix.

Answer 21

Fibroblasts

Question 22

Reticular fibers are found in which of the following locations?

• spleen
• smooth muscle tissue
• adipose tissue
• skin
• blood vessels

Answer 22

• spleen
• smooth muscle tissue
• adipose tissue
• blood vessels

Question 23

Which of the following types of fibers are found in the extracellular matrix and are produced by fibroblasts and made up of the protein collagen?

• smooth muscle fibers
• elastic fibers
• collagen fibers
• reticular fibers

Answer 23

-reticular fibers

Question 24

______ connective tissue is widely distributed throughout the body. It contains collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers, randomly arranged between cells. A range of cell types are present including fibroblasts, adipocytes, mast cells, macrophages, and plasma cells

Answer 24

Areolar

Question 25

Tendons and ligaments are made up of dense ______ connective tissue.

Answer 25

regular

Question 26

The dermis of the skin, fibrous pericardium around the heart, heart valves, perichondrium surrounding cartilage, and periosteum surrounding bone, are all made up of dense ________ connective tissue.

Answer 26

irregular

Question 27

T/F: Dense irregular connective tissue occurs in SHEETS, made up of an irregular arrangement of *tightly packed* collagen fibers.

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

Cartilage extracellular matrix is deposited by __________.

Answer 28

chondroblasts

Question 29

What is the strongest cartilage in the body?

Answer 29

Fibrocartilage

Question 30

Which cartilage is weakest, but most abundant?

Answer 30

Hyaline cartilage

Question 31

________ growth occurs from within the body of cartilage during childhood and adolescence, while cartilage is young and pliable

Answer 31

Interstitial

Question 32

_________ growth occurs at the outer surface of cartilage, starting later in life than interstitial growth and continuing through adolescence

Answer 32

Appositional

Question 33

Which of the following cells deposits cartilage extracellular matrix? - osteocyte - osteoclast - osteoblast - chrondroblast

Answer 33

-chrondroblast

Question 34

Which of the following descriptions of fibroblasts are correct? - propagate action potentials - secrete some components of the ground substance - store lipids - secrete histamine in response to various stimuli - present in most connective tissue - secrete fibers including collagen

Answer 34

- secrete some components of the ground substance - present in most connective tissue - secrete fibers including collagen

Question 35

Which two muscle tissues are striated?

Answer 35

Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle

Question 36

Long, thin --> Branched --> Spindle-shaped -->

Answer 36

Skeletal muscle tissue Cardiac muscle tissue Smooth muscle tissue

Question 37

Which muscle tissue is non-striated?

Answer 37

Smooth muscle tissue

Question 38

_______ muscle fibers are filled with contractile proteins arranged such that they form striations of alternating light and dark bands.

Answer 38

skeletal

Question 39

What is the name given to an individual cardiac muscle fiber?

Answer 39

Cardiomyocyte

Question 40

Which of the following types of muscle feature cells linked by gap junctions? - cardiac muscle - skeletal muscle - smooth muscle

Answer 40

- cardiac muscle | - smooth muscle

Question 41

What is the name of the non-neuronal cells of the nervous system that provide support, nourishment, and protection to neurons?

Answer 41

Neuroglia

Question 42

_______ membranes are found lining body cavities, or tracts, that open into the *external environment*, such as the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts.

Answer 42

Mucous

Question 43

______ membranes are found covering organs (visceral serous membrane) and lining body cavities (parietal serous membrane) that do not open into the external environment.

Answer 43

Serous

Question 44

The ________ membrane refers to the skin covering the surface of the body.

Answer 44

cutaneous

Question 45

________ membranes consist exclusively of connective tissue and are found lining the cavities of mobile joints

Answer 45

Synovial

Question 46

Mucous membranes are found lining which of the following locations? - respiratory tract - skin - kidney - lungs - knee joint

Answer 46

-respiratory tract

Question 47

Which of the following structures are lined by a mucous membrane? - brain - heart - vagina - stomach - trachea

Answer 47

- vagina - stomach - trachea

Question 48

Damage of nervous tissue is called ______.

Answer 48

gliosis

Question 49

______ tissue has a relatively poor capacity for the repair of dead or damaged cells.

Answer 49

Muscle

Question 50

**What is the term for the type of tissue that when damaged undergoes tissue repair, forming *non-functional* scar tissue?

Answer 50

Stromal tissue

Question 51

What is the term for the process by which fibroblasts divide and differentiate to produce scar tissue?

Answer 51

fibrosis