Lymphoma Flashcards
What is a lymphoma
group of cancers that affect the lmpyhocytes inside the lymphatic system
causes lymph node to become abnormally large (lymphadenopathy)
what are the 2 main categories of lymphoma
Hodgkins and non-hodgekins
how common are hodgekins lymphomas and at what age do the commonly present in
1 in 5
bimodal age distribution with peak around age 20 and 75
what are the risk factors for hodgekins lymhpoma
HIV
Epstein-Barr virus
autoimmune conditions such as arthritis and sarcoidosis
what is the presentation of hodgekins lymphomas
lymphadenopathy
- could be in neck, axilla (armpit) or inguinal (groin) region
-characteristically non-tender and feel rubbery
may experience pain when drink alcohol
What are the B systems which are systemic symptoms of lymphoma
fever
weight loss
night sweats
What are some other symptoms of hodgekins lymphomas that aren’t B symptoms
fatigue itching cough SOB abdo pain recurrent infections
What blood test is often raised in Hodgkins lymphoma
lactate dehydrogenase
What is the reed-sternburg cell a key finding of
lymph node biopsy in someone with hodgekins lymphoma
What is the Ann Arbor staging
staging system used for both hodgekins and non-hodgekins lymphoma
Stage 1: Confined to one region of lymph nodes.
Stage 2: In more than one region but on the same side of the diaphragm (either above or below).
Stage 3: Affects lymph nodes both above and below the diaphragm.
Stage 4: Widespread involvement including non-lymphatic organs such as the lungs or liver.
what non-hodgkin lymphoma is associated with Epstein-Barr virus, malaria and HIV
Burkitt lymphoma
which non-hodgkin lymphoma affects the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, usually around the stomach and is associated with H. pylori infection
MALT lymphoma
which non-hodgkin lymphoma often presents as a rapidly growing painless mass in patients over 65
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
what are the risk factors for non-hodgkins lymphoma
HIV Epstein-Barr Virus H. pylori (MALT lymphoma) Hepatitis B or C infection Exposure to pesticides and a specific chemical called trichloroethylene used in several industrial processes Family history
what is the only way to differentiate Hodgkins from non-hodgekins lymphoma
lymph node biopsy
