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Immunology > Lymphoid Structures > Flashcards

Lymphoid Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Lymph node?

A

A 2° lymphoid organ that has many afferents, 1 or more efferents. Encapsulated w/ trabeculae

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2
Q

What are the functions of a lymph node?

A

Nonspecific filtration by macrophages, storage & activation of B & T cells, Ab production

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3
Q

What is a Follicle?

A

Site of B-cell localization & proliferation in the outer cortex of a LN

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4
Q

What are 1° follicles?

A

Dense & dormant

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5
Q

What are 2° follicles?

A

Pale central germincal centers (GC) & are active

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6
Q

What does the LN medulla consist of?

A

Medullary cords (closely packed lymphocytes & plasma cells) & medullary sinuses

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7
Q

What do the Medullary sinuses communicate w/?

A

Efferent lymphatics & contain reticular cells & macrophages

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8
Q

What does the Paracortex of LN do?

A

Houses T cells

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9
Q

Where is the Paracortex?

A

Region of cortex b/w follicles & medulla

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10
Q

What does the Paracortex contain?

A

High endothelial venules through which T & B cells enter from blood

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11
Q

What happens in an extreme cellular immune response?

A

Paracortex becomes greatly enlarged

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12
Q

When is the paracortex NOT well dev?

A

Pts w/ DiGeorge synd

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13
Q

What is the LN drainage for the upper limb & lateral breast?

A

Axillary

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14
Q

What is the LN drainage for the Stomach?

A

Celiac

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15
Q

What is the LN drainage for the duodenum & jejunum?

A

Superior mesenteric

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16
Q

What is the LN drainage for the sigmoid colon?

A

Colic→ inferior mesenteric

17
Q

What is the LN drainage for the rectum (lower portion) & anal canal (above the pectinate line)?

A

Internal iliac

18
Q

What is the LN drainage for the anal canal (below pectinate line)?

A

Superficial inguinal

19
Q

What the the LN drainage for the testes?

A

Superficial & deep plexus→ para-arotic

20
Q

What is the LN drainage for the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal

21
Q

What is the LN drainage for the thigh (superficial)?

A

Superficial inguinal

22
Q

What is the LN drainage for the lateral side of the dorsum of foot?

A

Popliteal

23
Q

What does the Right lymphatic duct drain?

A

Righ arm, right chest & right half of the head

24
Q

What does the Thoracic duct drain?

A

Everything else

25
Q

What are the sinusoids of the spleen?

A

Long, vascular channels in red pupl w/ fenestrated “barrel hoop” basement membrane (BM)

Macrophages found nearby

26
Q

Where are T cells found in the spleen?

A

Periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) w/in the white pulp of the spleen

27
Q

Where are the B cells found in the spleen?

A

Found in follicles w/in the white pulp of the spleen

28
Q

What do macrophages do in the spleen?

A

Remove encapsulated bacteria

29
Q

What causes splenic dysfucntion?

A

Dec IgM→ dec complement activation→ Dec C3b opsonization→ Inc suspectibility to encapsulated organisms

30
Q

What are the encapsulated organisms splenic dysfunction pts are susceptible to?

A
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Haemophilus influenzae type B
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Salmonella
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Group B Streptococci
31
Q

What are the signs of Postsplenectomy?

A
  • Howell-Jolly bodies (nuclear remnants)
  • Target cells
  • Thrombocytosis
32
Q

What is the Thymus?

A

Encapsulated site of T-cell differentiation & maturation

33
Q

Where does the Thymus develop from?

A

Epithelium of 3rd brachial pouches

34
Q

What is in the cortex of the Thymus?

A

Dense w/ immature T cells

35
Q

What is in the medulla of the Thymus?

A

Pale w/ mature T cells & epithelial reticular cells containing Hassall’s corpuscles

36
Q

What is Positive selection?

A

MHC restriction occurs in the cortex

37
Q

What is Negative selection?

A

Nonreactive to self occurs in the medulla

Immunology (7 decks)

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