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Head & Neck Anatomy > Lymphatics > Flashcards

Lymphatics Flashcards

0
Q

What is the purpose of the lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

A

To connect to each-other and communicate.

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1
Q

What are lymphatics?

A

A network of lymph vessels and lymph nodes.

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2
Q

Which portion of the circulatory system do lymphatics parallel?

A

The venous system.

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3
Q

True or False, lymphatics are part of the immune system?

A

true

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4
Q

How does the lymphatic system help/communicate with the venous system?

A

Returns plasma to venous circulation.

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5
Q

What is a lymph node?

A

A (kidney) bean shaped body filled with lymphatic tissue and lymphocytes.

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6
Q

What types of vessels exist in a lymph node?

A

Efferent and Afferent vessels.

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7
Q

What is the function of efferent vessels in a lymph node?

A

The depression portion of the node (hilus) where lymph flows out of the node.

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8
Q

What is the function of the afferent vessel of a lymph node?

A

Functions as a vessel, where lymph flows into the lymph node.

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9
Q

What is lymph?

A

Tissue fluid

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10
Q

Healthy lymph nodes should have what three characteristics?

A

Soft, Mobile, and non-palpable (small)

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11
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

Functional cells of the lymph system.

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12
Q

What is lymphadenopathy?

A

The process of lymphocytes being activated against diseased states of the lymph nodes/vessels.

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13
Q

What happens to the lymph nodes during lymphadenopathy?

A

They may become palpable.

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14
Q

What is tonsillar tissue?

A

Mass of lymphoid tissue near the airway and food passageways.

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15
Q

True or false, the tonsillar tissue is a part of the lymphatic system.

A

False! The tonsillar tissue does contain lymphocytes to remove toxins but it is not a part of the lymphatic system.

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16
Q

On the Right Side of the body, where do the lymphatic vessels collect?

A

Right Lymphatic Duct

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17
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct empty?

A

The junction of the R. Subclavian & R. Internal Jugular veins.

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18
Q

Where do the left lymphatic vessels collect?

A

The left thoracic duct.

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19
Q

Where does the left thoracic duct empty?

A

The junction of the L. Subclavian and L. Internal Jugular vein.

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20
Q

What are the superficial lymph nodes?
(Hint: Only Real Animals Steal Food)
(Hint: We palpate these in IEOE)

A 
Occipital
Retroauricular
Anterior Auricular
Superficial Parotid
Facial
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21
Q

True or false, deep lymph nodes can be palpated.

A

False, deep nodes cannot be palpated.

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22
Q

What are two examples of deep lymph nodes?

A

deep parotid

retropharyngeal

23
Q

Where do the deep lymph nodes, deep parotid and retropharyngeal, drain to?

A

Superior Deep Cervical nodes

24
Q

True or False, we can palpate superficial cervical nodes?

A

True

25
Q

What are examples of superficial cervical lymph nodes?

Hint: Silly Sally Exits Abruptly

A

Submental
Submandibular
External jugular
Anterior jugular

26
Q

What does the submental lymph node drain?

A

Chin, lower lip, floor of the mouth, apex of the tongue, and Mandibular incisors (23-26)

27
Q

Where are submental lymph nodes located?

A

Inferior to the chin/Superficial to the mylohyoid

28
Q

What is the primary site that the submental lymph nodes drain to?

A

Submandibular

29
Q

Where are the submandibular lymph nodes located?

A

Inferior border of the ramus of the mandible.

30
Q

What do the submandibular lymph nodes drain?

A

Cheeks, upperlip, body of tongue, anterior hard palate, all teeth EXCEPT mandibular incisors and maxillary 3rd molars.

31
Q

Where do the submandibular lymph nodes drain? (Hint: Primary node)

A

Superior Deep Cervical

32
Q

Where are the external jugular lymph nodes located?

A

They are a chain lateral to the external jugular.

33
Q

Where are the anterior jugular nodes located?

A

A chain medial/lateral to the anterior jugular.

34
Q

Where do the external jugular and anterior jugular nodes drain?

A

Inferior Deep Cervical Nodes

35
Q

Where are the superior deep cervical nodes located?

A

Adjacent to the internal jugular.

36
Q

What do the superior deep cervical nodes drain?

A

Maxillary 3rd Molars
Posterior Hard Palate
Soft Palate
Base of tongue

37
Q

Where do the superior deep cervical nodes empty to?

A

Inferior Deep Cervical Nodes

38
Q

What are the inferior deep cervical nodes?

A

A continuation of “direct” superior deep cervical group.

39
Q

Where are the inferior deep cervical nodes located?

A

Deep SCM (sternocliedomastoid)

40
Q

What do the inferior deep cervical nodes drain?

A

Most of the lymph (tissue fluid) form the entire head and neck region.

41
Q

Where does the inferior deep cervical nodes empty?

A

Jugular trunk, either the right lymphatic duct or the left thoracic duct.

42
Q

Where do the tonsils drain?

A

Superior Deep Cervical Nodes

43
Q

What are the 4 tonsils?

Hint: Please Leap Past Turtles

A

Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)
Lingual tonsils
Palatine tonsils
Tubal tonsils

44
Q

Where are the pharyngeal tonsils located?

A

Superior to the soft palate

45
Q

Where are the lingual tonsils located?

A

Dorsal base of the tongue

46
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

A

Between the anterior and posterior faucial pillars on each side of the fauces.

47
Q

Where are the tubal tonsils located?

A

Near the opening of the Eustachian tube.

48
Q

What two types of nodes disease are we concerned with?

A

Infection & Cancer

49
Q

What is cancer? Why doesn’t our body recognize it as a threat?

A

Cancer is the rapid uncontrollable replication of cells in the body. It is part of the immune system. The body doesn’t recognize it as a problem because they are our own cells.

50
Q

What is the process called for labeling cancer in stages?

A

Metastasis

51
Q

What would stage 1 cancer indicate?

A

The disease is a primary site.

52
Q

What would stage 2 cancer indicate?

A

The disease is in the lymphatic system.

53
Q

What would stage 3 cancer indicate?

A

The disease has metastasized to another organ system.

54
Q

True or False, they lymphatics system can easily allow infection to spread.

A

True, the lymphatics low pressure drainage system spreads the disease as it naturally drains. Most structures contain a primary, secondary, and tertiary drainage site.

55
Q

What would be the primary, secondary, and tertiary drainage sites (can all be infected) for tooth 24?

A 
Primary = submental
Secondary = submandibular
Tertiary = superior deep cervical

Head & Neck Anatomy (6 decks)

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