Lymphatic System Part 1 Flashcards
What are the lymphoid organs?
Spleen, thymus, and tonsils
What is housed in the lymphoid organs?
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
What forces fluid out of the blood at the arterial end of the capillary bed?
Hydrostatic osmotic and colloid osmotic pressure
What happens to the blood that leaves the arterial end of the capillaries but doesn’t enter the venous?
It is carried away by the lymphatic vessels
What is lymph?
Once interstitial fluid enters the lymph vessel, it becomes lymph
Is the lymphatic system one or two way? Which way(s) does it flow?
One way. Towards the heart
Where does the lymphatic transport system begin?
Lymphatic capillaries?
Where are lymphatic capillaries located and where are they not?
They wind around blood capillaries, but do not exist in bones, teeth or the nervous system
How does interstitial fluid located in the bones, teeth, and nervous system get drained?
It is drained into the cerebrospinal fluid
What are the three parts of the lymphatic system?
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph
Lymph nodes
What are lymphatic capillaries made of?
Endothelial cells that overlap and create mini valves through which the lymph enters them
What is the role of the collagen fibers attached to the endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries?
They anchor the endothelial cells to the surrounding cells so that when the amount of interstitial fluid increases, the minivalves open instead of collapse
What happens when the pressure inside the lymphatic capillaries is higher than that outside of the LC?
The minivalves close to prevent the lymph from leaking out.
What happens when tissues surrounding the lymphatic capillaries are inflamed?
The lymphatic capillaries develop openings that allow larger particles to pass such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.
Where does lymph travel to to get inspected and ridded of its pathogens and debris?
Lymph nodes
What are lacteals?
Specialized lymphatic capillaries located in the villi of the intestinal mucosa
What color is the lymph drained from the intestines? Why?
Milky white because it contains digested fats.
What is the term for the fatty lymph drained from the intestines?
Chyle
Where is chyle taken after it leaves the intestine?
The blood stream
Name the lymphatic vessels in order of increasing size
Capillaries
Collecting vessels
Trunks
Ducts
What are some differences between veins and lymphatic collecting vessels?
The collecting vessels have thinner walls, more valves, and anastomose more
What are the main lymphatic trunks?
Right and left lumbar Right and left bronchomediastinal Right and left subclavian Right and left jugular Single Intestinal
What are the two lymphatic ducts and from which regions of the body do they collect lymph?
Right lymphatic duct-right upper limb and right side of head
Thoracic duct-the rest of the body
Which trunks drain into the cisterna chyli?
Left and right lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk
Lymph flows from the left and right lumbar and intestinal trunk into the cisterna chyli. Where does it go from there?
The thoracic duct arises from the cisterna chyli and carries the lymph upwards.
Where do the two lymphatic ducts deposit their lymph?
The right duct deposits it’s lymph at them unction of the right subclavian and internal jugular vein. The thoracic is the same but on the left side.
What three factors contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?
Skeletal muscles contracting
Changes in pressure in the thorax during breathing
A valve system
In addition to the three main ways, how else is lymph moved along?
Nearby Pulsating arteries and the smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatic trunks and thoracic duct contract to pump the lymph
What happens with regard to lymphatics during physical activity? How does it benefit the body?
It speeds up thus accounting for the increased amount of fluid lost during the physical activity.
What should you do to help an infected limb?
Immobilize it to slow the flow of inflammatory fluids from the region
Lymphedema
Cause:
Symptom:
Treatment:
Cause: anything that prevents the normal return of lymph to the blood
Symptoms: severe edema, localized swelling of the tissues
Treatment: nothing, eventually the vessels regrow and lymphatic drainage is restored
Lymphangitis
Cause:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:
Cause: severely inflamed lymphatic vessels
Symptoms: contested vasa vasorum and tenderness to touch
Diagnosis: red lines appear on surface of skin and are tender to the touch
