Lymphatic System Part 1

Question 1

What are the lymphoid organs?

Answer 1

Spleen, thymus, and tonsils

Question 2

What is housed in the lymphoid organs?

Answer 2

Phagocytes and lymphocytes

Question 3

What forces fluid out of the blood at the arterial end of the capillary bed?

Answer 3

Hydrostatic osmotic and colloid osmotic pressure

Question 4

What happens to the blood that leaves the arterial end of the capillaries but doesn’t enter the venous?

Answer 4

It is carried away by the lymphatic vessels

Question 5

What is lymph?

Answer 5

Once interstitial fluid enters the lymph vessel, it becomes lymph

Question 6

Is the lymphatic system one or two way? Which way(s) does it flow?

Answer 6

One way. Towards the heart

Question 7

Where does the lymphatic transport system begin?

Answer 7

Lymphatic capillaries?

Question 8

Where are lymphatic capillaries located and where are they not?

Answer 8

They wind around blood capillaries, but do not exist in bones, teeth or the nervous system

Question 9

How does interstitial fluid located in the bones, teeth, and nervous system get drained?

Answer 9

It is drained into the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 10

What are the three parts of the lymphatic system?

Answer 10

Lymphatic vessels
Lymph
Lymph nodes

Question 11

What are lymphatic capillaries made of?

Answer 11

Endothelial cells that overlap and create mini valves through which the lymph enters them

Question 12

What is the role of the collagen fibers attached to the endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries?

Answer 12

They anchor the endothelial cells to the surrounding cells so that when the amount of interstitial fluid increases, the minivalves open instead of collapse

Question 13

What happens when the pressure inside the lymphatic capillaries is higher than that outside of the LC?

Answer 13

The minivalves close to prevent the lymph from leaking out.

Question 14

What happens when tissues surrounding the lymphatic capillaries are inflamed?

Answer 14

The lymphatic capillaries develop openings that allow larger particles to pass such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

Question 15

Where does lymph travel to to get inspected and ridded of its pathogens and debris?

Answer 15

Lymph nodes

Question 16

What are lacteals?

Answer 16

Specialized lymphatic capillaries located in the villi of the intestinal mucosa

Question 17

What color is the lymph drained from the intestines? Why?

Answer 17

Milky white because it contains digested fats.

Question 18

What is the term for the fatty lymph drained from the intestines?

Answer 18

Chyle

Question 19

Where is chyle taken after it leaves the intestine?

Answer 19

The blood stream

Question 20

Name the lymphatic vessels in order of increasing size

Answer 20

Capillaries
Collecting vessels
Trunks
Ducts

Question 21

What are some differences between veins and lymphatic collecting vessels?

Answer 21

The collecting vessels have thinner walls, more valves, and anastomose more

Question 22

What are the main lymphatic trunks?

Answer 22

Right and left lumbar 
Right and left bronchomediastinal 
Right and left subclavian
Right and left jugular 
Single Intestinal

Question 23

What are the two lymphatic ducts and from which regions of the body do they collect lymph?

Answer 23

Right lymphatic duct-right upper limb and right side of head

Thoracic duct-the rest of the body

Question 24

Which trunks drain into the cisterna chyli?

Answer 24

Left and right lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk

Question 25

Lymph flows from the left and right lumbar and intestinal trunk into the cisterna chyli. Where does it go from there?

Answer 25

The thoracic duct arises from the cisterna chyli and carries the lymph upwards.

Question 26

Where do the two lymphatic ducts deposit their lymph?

Answer 26

The right duct deposits it’s lymph at them unction of the right subclavian and internal jugular vein. The thoracic is the same but on the left side.

Question 27

What three factors contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Answer 27

Skeletal muscles contracting
Changes in pressure in the thorax during breathing
A valve system

Question 28

In addition to the three main ways, how else is lymph moved along?

Answer 28

Nearby Pulsating arteries and the smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatic trunks and thoracic duct contract to pump the lymph

Question 29

What happens with regard to lymphatics during physical activity? How does it benefit the body?

Answer 29

It speeds up thus accounting for the increased amount of fluid lost during the physical activity.

Question 30

What should you do to help an infected limb?

Answer 30

Immobilize it to slow the flow of inflammatory fluids from the region

Question 31

Lymphedema
Cause:
Symptom:
Treatment:

Answer 31

Cause: anything that prevents the normal return of lymph to the blood
Symptoms: severe edema, localized swelling of the tissues
Treatment: nothing, eventually the vessels regrow and lymphatic drainage is restored

Question 32

Lymphangitis
Cause:
Symptoms:
Diagnosis:

Answer 32

Cause: severely inflamed lymphatic vessels
Symptoms: contested vasa vasorum and tenderness to touch
Diagnosis: red lines appear on surface of skin and are tender to the touch