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ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Capillary Level

A

Fluids pushed OUT of vessels and into the tissues

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2
Q

Interstital Fluid

A

Fluid within tissues

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3
Q

Venules job in Lymphatic System

A

Pick up most, but not ALL of this fluid

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4
Q

Lymph

A

interstitial fluid picked up by the lymphatic system

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5
Q

Lympathatic System consists of…

A

lymph vessels and lymphatic tissues and organs

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6
Q

Functions of Lymphatic System

A

Return interstitial fluid back to bloodstream

Can initiate an immune response when necessary

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7
Q

Lymphatic Capillaries

A

Smallest of lymph vessels

  • Wall composed of endothelium
  • The walls have 1-way flaps
  • Lacteals
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8
Q

Lymphatic Capillaries; Lacteals

A

Lymphatic capillaries in small intestine

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9
Q

Lymphatic Capillaries; Lacteals Function

A

In addition to carrying interstitial fluid, they also carry dietary lipids (fats and some vitamins)

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10
Q

Lymphatic Vessels

A

Like veins, they have 3 tunics

  • *Have valves
  • Lymphatic vessels take lymph to and from lymph nodes
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11
Q

Lymphatic Trunks

A

*formed from merging lymphatic vessels

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12
Q

Right Lymphatic Duct

A

receives lymph from:

  • Ride side of head, neck and thorax,
  • Right upper limb
    • Drains into right subclavian vein
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13
Q

Lymphatic Ducts Components

A

Right Lymphatic Duct

Thoracic Duct

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14
Q

Thoracic Duct

A

Receives lymph from:

  • Left side of head, neck, thorax
  • left upper limb
  • entire abdomen, left and right lower limbs
    • drains into left subclavian vein
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15
Q

Lymphedema Clinical

A

This swelling is caused by blockage of lymphatic vessels. Result in increased interstitial fluid

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16
Q

Innate Immunity

A

The defense mechanisms present at birth

17
Q

Adaptive Immunity

A

Those defense mechanisms which are developed in response to contact with antigens

18
Q

Antigen Definition

A

Anything perceived as foreign in body

19
Q

These cells start and produce immune response when exposed to antigens

A

Lymphocytes
**T-Lymphocytes (T-Cells)
**B-Lymphocytes (B-CellS)
Macrophages

20
Q

T-Lymphocytes (T Cells)

A
  • functions: some of these cells manage/direct an immune response, while others directly attack cells
  • Essentially receive cytokine that activate B and Macrophages. Attach and start countdown for how long until they die
21
Q

B-Lymphocytes (B-Cells)

A
  • function: many of these cells secrete antibodies
    • antibodies attach to antigens and immobilize them until another cell destroys antigen
  • *Activates killer T-Cells and B-Cells
22
Q

Macrophages

A

macrophages are monocytes that migrated from bloodstream into other tissues
* Function: phagocytize (eat up) foreign substances

23
Q

Lymphatic Structures

A
  • Consists of connective tissue containing lots of lymphatic cells
  • NOT surrounded by a CT capsule
24
Q

Lymphatic Nodule

A

“clumps” of lymphatic cells within other organs

  • example:
    1) MALT
25
Q

MALT

A

(mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue): collections of lymphatic nodules in GI, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts
* The cells here “destroy” bacteria before they breach the intestinal wall also generate “memory” cells

26
Q

Lymphatic Organs

A

Lymphatic structures surrounded by a connective tissue capsule

27
Q

Lymphatic Organs Components

A

Lymph Nodes
Thymus
Spleen

28
Q

Lymph Nodes

A
  • tiny oval organs
  • hundreds
  • found in “clusters”
  • they connect with lymphatic vessels:
29
Q

Lymph Nodes Functions

A

1) Filter Lymph
* macrophages eat up foreign matter
2) Activate immune system if antigens are found in lymph
* antigens stimulate T and B cells into action

30
Q

Thymus Location

A

Behind Sternum

31
Q

Thymus Functions

A

T-Cells mature and differentiate here

  • immature T-lymphocytes are sent from bone marrow into the thymus
  • the thymus secretes hormones to help the T-lymphocytes develop
  • there, the T-lymphocytes decide what they want to do when they grow up
32
Q

Spleen Description and Location

A

largest lymphatic organ in body

* located in upper left abdomen, behind and lateral to stomach

33
Q

Two Components of Spleen

A

Red Pulp

White Pulp

34
Q

Red Pulp

A 
Splenic sinusoids (large capillaries) and splenic cords
*Contains erythrocytes, platelets and macrophages
35
Q

Red Pulp Function

A

Removal of old erythrocytes (RBCs) and platelets
** macrophages break down the old cells, and takes the reusable parts for recycling (e.g. - “heme” part)

36
Q

White Pulp

A

Lymphocytes (B+T CellS)

37
Q

White Pulp Function

A

Carry out an immune response, when antigens are found in blood

38
Q

The thymus largely regresses (breaks down) by adulthood. Why do you think that might be? How do our immune systems still work?

A

We no longer need these when we are adults so the body will break it down and replace that area with fat.

ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 (16 decks)

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