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ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 > Circulatory System III: Heart > Flashcards

Circulatory System III: Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Heart Location

A

Left hand side of body in thoracic cavity

Located behind sternum and left ribs

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2
Q

Heart Orientation

A

Apex - (Bottom Left)

BAse (On top where majority of vessels come out)

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3
Q

Four Chambers of Heart

A

2 Atrium

2 Ventricles

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4
Q

Heart enclosed in

A

Pericardium

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5
Q

Pericardium Components

A

Fibrous Pericardium

Serous Pericardium

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6
Q

Fibrous Pericardium

A

Outmost layer

Dense CT

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7
Q

Fibrous Pericardium Function

A

Prevent heart frfom overfilling, restricts heart movement

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8
Q

Serous Pericardium Components

A

Parietal Layer

Visceral Layer

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9
Q

Parietal Layer

A

Adhers to fibrous pericardium

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10
Q

Visceral Layer

A

Adheres to heart wall

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11
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Between the Parital and Visceral Layer, has small amount of fluid so as heart beats, no friction occurs

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12
Q

Heart Layers

A

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

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13
Q

Endocardium

A

Specialized simple squamos epithelium for contact with blood
Endothelium convering a CT Layer
Lines inside of the heart and covers its valves

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14
Q

Myocardium (Cardiac Muscle)

A

Thickest Layer

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15
Q

Epicardium (Visceral Layer of the Serous Pericardium)

A

Thin serous membrane and some fat

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16
Q

Right Atrium

A

Receives venous blood from superior and inferior venae cavae

*Blood will flow from right atrium to right ventricle through right tricuspid valve

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17
Q

Right Ventricle; Papillary Muscles

A

Three Papilary Muscles

18
Q

Right Ventricle; Chordae Tendineae

A

From the papillary muscles to the three flaps of the right AV valve.

19
Q

Chordae Tendineae function

A

Strands prevent the flaps from being everted into the atrium by the contracting ventricle

20
Q

Right Ventricle; Blood Flow

A

Blood runs from the right ventricle through the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve into the Pulmonary Trunk
*Will now travel into the pulmonary arteries into the lungs

21
Q

Left Atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via 3 or four pulmonary veins
*Blood will flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle via the Left Bicuspid Valve

22
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta

Blood is pushed form the from the left ventricle through the Aortic Semilunar Valve

23
Q

Steps of the Heart (1)

A

Blood LOW in oxygen enters right atrium

24
Q

Steps of the Heart (2)

A

blood from right atrium goes to right ventricle

25
Q

Steps of the Heart (3)

A

lood from the right ventricle goes through pulmonary trunk

26
Q

Steps of the Heart (4)

A

pulmonary trunk branches into pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to lungs

27
Q

Steps of the Heart (5)

A

exchange of gases occurs in the lungs

28
Q

Steps of the Heart (6)

A

oxygenated blood travels through pulmonary veins to left atrium

29
Q

Steps of the Heart (7)

A

blood from left atrium goes to left ventricle

30
Q

Steps of the Heart (8)

A

blood from left ventricle is pumped through the aorta

31
Q

Steps of the Heart (9)

A

blood travels through the blood vessels throughout the body, will return to right atrium of the heart, and the cycle repeats!

32
Q

Right and Left Coronary Artery

A

These vessels come off of the aorta and take nutrients and oxygen to the tissue of the heart

33
Q

Venous Circulation

A

Most of these veins unite/drain into the Cononary Sinus (Back of the Heart)

34
Q

Conducting System of the Heart

A

The heart exhibits autorhythmicity which means the heart itself (and not external nerves) are responsible for initiating the heartbeat

35
Q

Heart Conduction System (1)

A

Sinocartial (SB) Node: Located in upper wall of right atrium - it is responsible for initiating the heartbeat
*Nerve impulse travels from SA Node to AV Node

36
Q

Heart Conduction System (2)

A

Atrioventricular (AV) node: lies in the floor of the right atrium
*Transmits nerve impulse to the atrioventricular bundle

37
Q

Heart Conduction System (3)

A

Atrioventricular bundle: a bundle of conducting muscle fibers that runs through the interventricular septum and splits into:

38
Q

Heart Conduction System (4)

A

Left and right bundle branches: each bundle branch goes to its respective ventricle
*Bundle branches and sends nerve impulse to Purkinje Fibers

39
Q

Heart Conduction System (5)

A

Purkinje fibers: special conduction muscle cells
*Are larger than other cardiac muscle fibers and extend through the walls of the ventricles. This is where contraction of muscle actually occurs.

40
Q

Sympathetic Innervation can ____ the heart beat

A

Increase

41
Q

Parasympathetic Innervation can ____ the heart beat

A

Decrease

42
Q

Steps of Heart Conduction System

A 
Sinoatrial Node
Atrioventricular Node
Atrioventricular Bundle
Bundle Branches (L&R)
Purkinje Fibers

ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 (16 decks)

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