Lymphatic System

Question 1

what is the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

a network of vessels that assist in circulating fluids

Question 2

The lymphatic systems functions inclide

Answer 2

closely associated with the Cardiovascular system

transports excess fluid away from interstitial spaces

transports fluid to the bloodstream

transports fats to the bloodstream

helps defend the body against diseases

Question 3

Lymphatic organs and tissues are widely distributed throughout the…

Answer 3

body

Question 4

Primary lymphatic organs provides…

Answer 4

an environment for stem cells to divide and mature into B and T lymphocytes

Question 5

red bone marrow gives rise to

Answer 5

mature B cells

Question 6

This site is where pre-T cells from red marrow mature

Answer 6

Thymus

Question 7

Secondary lymphatic organs and tissues are where…

Answer 7

most immune responses occur

Question 8

Secondary lymphatic organs include:

Answer 8

lymph nodes, spleen & lymphatic nodules

Question 9

Components of _______________respond individually to unique glycoprotein markers called antigens; present on all cells and most biological molecules, including our own cells; identify a cell or molecule as belonging to a specific group

Answer 9

adaptive, or specific, immunity

Question 10

What are two “arms” of the adaptive immune system?

Answer 10

cell-mediated immunity

antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity

Question 11

First arm is cell-mediated immunity; brought about by

Answer 11

two types of T cells

Question 12

Second arm is antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity); carried out by

Answer 12

B cells and proteins they produce, called antibodies

Question 13

Helper T cells

Answer 13

co-stimulate B cells

Question 14

B cells sit still and await the presentation of

Answer 14

antigens

Question 15

Once B cells are activated, they rapidly differentiate into…

Answer 15

plasma cells that secrete antibodies and memory B cells

Question 16

Antibodies circulate in

Answer 16

the lymph and blood

Question 17

T cells secrete

Answer 17

lymphokines

secrete toxins that kill cells

secrete growth-inhibiting factors

secrete interferon

Natural killer cells (NK cells) (non-specific targets)

Question 18

Lymphocytes help…

Answer 18

activate T cells

cause T cell proliferation

activate cytotoxic T cells

stimulate leukocyte production

stimulate B cells to mature

activate macrophages

Question 19

T cells require

Answer 19

antigen-presenting cell

Question 20

T cells (2)

Answer 20

secrete toxins that kills cells

Question 21

MHC-I molecules are built

Answer 21

into cell membrane of cells that have a nucleus

Question 22

MHC-II molecules are seen

Answer 22

only on membrane of antigen presenting cells (macrophages, B cells, thymus cells)

Question 23

if cell is infected with a virus, MHC-It will contain…

Answer 23

bits of virus marking cell so T cells recognize that there is a problem- a diseased cell

Question 24

if antigen presenting cells (macrophages or B cells) ingest foreign proteins, they will

Answer 24

display them as part of their MHC-II

molecules- a warning signal

Question 25

what are the three types of immunity?

Answer 25

• innate
  acquired
  adaptive immunity y

Question 26

adaptive immunity y

Answer 26

has the capacity for immunological memory, in which exposure to an antigen is “remembered” by specific lymphocytes and antibodies

Question 27

what is the first line of defense against any potential threat?

Answer 27

Surface barrieres