Lymphatic System

Question 1

Lymphatic Capillaries (What are they?)

Answer 1

Microscopic blind-ended tubes distributed within tissue spaces

Question 2

What are lymphatic capillaries made of?

Answer 2

Made of simple squamous epithelium

Question 3

How lymphatic vessels similar to veins?

Answer 3

• Permits movement of lymph in ONE in one direction due to valves
• 3 layers
• the closer the vessel is to the heart, the larger they are

Question 4

How is Lymphatic fluid pumped? (2 things)

Answer 4

1. Skeletal muscle pump
2. Respiratory pump

Question 5

Right Lymphatic duct drains lymph from

Answer 5

upper quarter of the body

Question 6

What is the cisterna chyli?

Answer 6

• It is the most common
  drainage trunk for most of the
  body’s lymph.
• It forms the beginning of the
  thoracic duct

Question 7

What does the Cisterna Chyli do?

Answer 7

• Receives fatty chyle from the intestines and thus acts as a
  conduit for the lipid products of digestion.
• Transports lymph and chyle from the abdomen.

Question 8

What happens when there is a disruption of lymphatic drainage?

Answer 8

Fluid accumulates in the interstitial fluid and can cause
edema (swelling).

Question 9

What are causes of lymphatic fluid buildup?

Answer 9

• Increased capillary hydrostatic
  pressure
• Kidneys not functioning properly
• Valve failure
• Lack of skeletal muscle contraction (bedridden)
• Blocked lymphatic vessels

Question 10

Primary Lymphatic Organs (2)

Answer 10

Red bone marrow, Thymus

Question 11

Red bone marrow contains (2)

Answer 11

Stem cells turn into:
1. Mature B cells
2. Immature T cells
that migrate to the thymus

Question 12

Thymus contains

Answer 12

Mature T cells

Question 13

3 things about the thymus

Answer 13

• Lymphoid tissue organ
  located in the mediastinum
• Site for T lymphocytes
  (T cells) maturation
• Plays a vital and central role
  in immunity

Question 14

Lymph Nodes are located

Answer 14

in clusters along the pathway of lymphatic vessels (600-800 average count)

Question 15

Functions of the Lymph Node

Answer 15

• Filter lymph fluid
• Contain Immune Cells

(Defence)

Question 16

Flow of Lymph through Lymph Node (3)

Answer 16

1. Lymph arrives through Afferent Vessels
2. Lymph flows through a number of sinuses
   inside the node
3. Lymph exits through Efferent Vessels`

Question 17

Why is the flow slowed when it enters a Lymph Node

Answer 17

• Many Afferent Vessels
• Few Efferent Vessels
• Causes flow to be slowed

Question 18

Where are Lymph nodes located in the body?

Answer 18

They are located in larger numbers in
areas where microorganisms can enter the body:
* Ears
* Mouth
* Lungs
* Urogenital region
* Digestive tract
* Mammary glands.

Question 19

What is the single largest mass of Lymphatic Tissue?

Answer 19

The Spleen

Question 20

Purpose of the Spleen

Answer 20

• Main organ that filters blood
• Removes abnormal blood cells
  – Phagocytosis
• Store iron from recycled RBC’s

Question 21

Red pulp in the spleen

Answer 21

• contains macrophages, red blood cells & platelets
• location of the breakdown of old red blood cells

Question 22

White Pulp in the spleen

Answer 22

• contains lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells
• produces RBCs in the fetus (bone marrow in adults)

Question 23

Lymphatic Nodules are similar to lymph nodes except

Answer 23

NOT surrounded by a capsule

Question 24

3 Lymphatic Nodules

Answer 24

1. Tonsils
2. Peyer’s patches (located around small intestines)
3. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)