Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Location and drainage of submandibular lymph nodes.
Submandibular triangle
Upper lip and teeth Lateral lower lip Most of face Ant. nasal cavity Cheeks Middle tongue Submandibular/sublingual glands
Submental lymph nodes.
submental triangle
Lower lip/teeth
Anterior chin
tip of tongue
Floor of mouth
Preauricular
Infront of ear
Middle/posterior scalp
Skin of lateral ear
Parotid gland
Post auricular
Behind ear
Posterior scalp
Auricle (cranial surface)
Back of external acoustic meatus
Occipital
Back of head
Posterior scalp/neck
Superficial cervical
Top of SCM
Skin of neck
What separates the regional nodes from the terminal nodes
Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
Give 4 deep terminal nodes.
Jugulo-digastric node
Jugulo-omohyoid node
Deep cervical nodes
Supraclavicular nodes
Give the location and drainage of the jugulo-digastric node
Below/behind angle of mandible
Pharyngeal palatine tonsil
Posterior 1/3 tongue
location and drainage of the jugulo-omohyoid node
Deep to SCm above inferior belly of omohyoid
Anterior 2/3 of tongue Oral cavtiy Trachea Larynx Oesophagus Thyroid
Where do the deep cervical nodes lie?
along CNXI
Give location and drainage of supraclavicular nodes?
Root of neck
Lymph transport from thorax and abdomen
Left = stomach Right = mid chest, oesophagus, lungs
What is virchow’s node?
Left supraclavicular node
Enlarged in gastric carcinoma
Give the path of lymph through the lymphatic system.
Capillaries Vessels Afferent Lymph nodes Vessels Efferent Lymphatic trunks Right lymph duct OR thoracic duct R/L subclavian vein
What does the thoracic duct drain? Where does it begin? How long is the thoracic duct? Where does it empty?
3Lower body and upper left side
Begins at L2
38-46cm long
Empties into left venous angle between left subclavian vein and left IJV
What does the right lymphatic duct drain? How long is the duct? Where does it empty?
Upper right side of body
1.2 cm long
Drains into right venous angle between right subclavian vein and IJV
What is lymphoedema?
Causes?
Fluid retention and chronic tissue swelling due to compromised lymphatic system. Removal of enlarged lymph nodes Infections Damage to lymphatics Lack of limb movement Congential
What is lymphadenopathy? Causes and feeling?
Enlargement of lymph nodes.
Infection:
Tender, smooth
Glandular fever
Malignancy:
Non-tender, craggy
Primary metastases from lymphoma or H&N
Squamous cell carcinoma
What causes glandular fever?
Epstein BArr virus Swollen painful lymph nodes Sore throat Fatigue Fever
What is a retropharyngeal abscess
Puss accumulates in retropharyngeal space between pre vertebral fascia and alar fascia
Bulge in pharynx - dysphagia and dysarthria
What is chyle?
Lymph from the Small Intestines that contains fats
Functions of lymph nodes?
Phagocytic cells act as filter of particles and pathogens
Antigen presenting cells present antigens to immune system
Give 5 functions of the lymph system.
Immunological
Physical/phagocytic barrier
Antigen presentation to immune response
Maintenance of body fluid volume
Transport of cellular debris that does not use circulation.
Transport of fats from the SI as chyle
Assist capillaries in returning plasma proteins that have leaked into interstitium
What is lymph?
Transudate ( Capillary oncotic + Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
3/4L per day
