9.1 Flashcards
Give 3 functions of the oral cavity.
Digestion
Communication
Breathing
Where does the oral cavity span between?
Oral fissure to the Oropharyngeal isthmus
What are the 2 division of the oral cavity and what divides them?
Vestibule
Oral cavity proper
Divided by upper and lower dental arches.
Where is the vestibule located?
Between the lips/cheeks and the gums/teeth?
How does the vestibule communicate with the mouth proper?
Space behind the third molar tooth
What controls the diameter of the oral fissue
Muscles of facial expression - orbicular is iris.
Where does the parotid gland duct open in the oral cavity?
Opposite upper 2nd molar in the vestibule.
Label the mucosa of the oral cavity.
Gingival
Alveolar
Labial
Buccla
Where is the mouth proper?
Posteiror to the vestibule.
What forms the roof of the mouth proper?
Hard and site palates.
What does the hard palate separate? What is it formed by? Describe the mucosa and epithelium.
The nasal cavity from the oral cavity.
Anteriorly - maxillary bones
Posteriorly - palatine bones
Covered superiorly by respiratory mucosa - pseudo stratified squamous epithelium.
Covered inferiorly by oral mucosa (stratified squamous keratinised epithelium)
What muscles for the soft palate?
LEvator veli palatine Tensor veli palatine Palatopharyngeus Palatoglossus Uvulae
How does the soft palate function?
Can lower to close the oropharyngeal isthmus
Can elevate to separate the nasopharynx from the oropharynx.
Why might the uvula be deviated?
CNX lesion as palatal muscles are innervated by vagus
Peritonsillar abscess pushes it aside
What forms the floor of the oral cavity proper?
Muscular diaphragm (mylohyoid)
Geniohyoid
Tongue
Salivary glands/ducts
What forms the anterior boundary of the oral cavity proper?
Gingiva and teeth
What forms the posterior boundary of the oral cavity proper?
Imaginary line between left and right palatoglossal arches.
Bleds with the oropharynx at the faucial isthmus formed by the folds binding the palatine tonsil.
What forms the cheeks? Motor innervation? Function?
Buccinator muscle lined by buccal mucosa
Innervated (motor) by buccal branch of CNVII
Contract to keep food between teeth when chewing.
What is the sensory innervation of the oral cavity?
CNV - Trigeminal branches
What innervates the hard and soft palates?
Greater palliating and Nasopalatine nerves from CNV2 (Maxillary)
What innervates the floor of the oral cavity?
Lingual nerve
CNV3
What innervates the cheeks?
Buccal branch of CNV3 (Mandibular)
What are the 3 main parts of the tongue?
Apex body root
Where do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue attach?
Lingual septum (creates the midline groove)
What are the intrinsic muscles and what are their functions?
Superior longitudinal - elevation retraction and deviation of tip.
Inferior longitudinal - Retraction (short and thick)
Vertical - Flatten and broaden
Transverse - Narrow and elongated
What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? What happens in lesion?
Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII) In lesion, tongue points towards affected side due to reduced muscle tone.
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? Function? Innervation?
Genioglossus - Protrusion, depression - CNXII
Hyoglossus - Depression, retraction - CNXII
Styloglossus - Elevation, retraction - CNXII
Palatoglossus - Elevation of posterior tongue, depression of soft palate - CNX
What attaches the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity:?
Lingual frenulum
What is the innervation of the tongue?
Anterior 2/3 General - lingual branch of CNV3
Anterior 2/3 Sensory - Chorda tympani of CNVII
Posterior 1/3 G&S - Glossopharyngeal CNIX
What is the arterial supply and venous drainage of the tongue?
ECA –> Lingual A
Facial A –> Tonsillar A
Longual vein
What is the secretion and nervous supply of the parotid gland?
Serous
Sensory - CNV3 - Auriculotemporal branch
Parasympathetic - CNIX –> Otic ganglion –> CNV3 –>
Sympathetic - superior cervical ganglion –> ECA –>
What is the secretion and supply of the submandibular gland? Where does its duct open?
Mixed secretion
Parasympathetic - superior salivatory nucleus –> Chorda tympani –> Lingual CNV3 –> Submandibular ganglion
Sympathetic - superior cervical ganglion –> ICA/ECA –> Facial A – > Submental A
Submandibular gland papillae on either side of lingual frenulum
What is the secretion and supply of the sublingual gland?
Mucous secretion
Parasympathetic - superior salivatory nucleus –> Chorda tympani –> Lingual CNV3 –> Submandibular ganglion
Sympathetic - superior cervical ganglion –> ICA/ECA –> Facial A – > Submental A
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Drain tissue fluid, plasma proteins and other cellular debris back into the blood stream
Involved in immune defines.
What tonsils make up Weldeyer’s ring? Where are they located?
Adenoid
Roos of nasopharynx behind uvula
Tubals
Located where Eustachian tube opens into nasopharynx
Palatines
Each side between palatoglossal and gloss pharyngeal arches
Lingual
Posterior base of tongue
What is the function of Waldeyer’s ring?
Responds to pathogens that are ingested or inhaled.
How does tonsillitis present?
Red and enlarge tonsils
Accompanied by enlarged jugulo-digastric lymph nodes
What is the danger in tonsillectomy?
Bleeding from external palatine vein and tonsilar branch of facial A
What is quincy
Peritonsillar abscess causing deviation of the uvula
How is peritonsillar abscess treated?
Draining and antibiotics
Where do teeth anchor?
Alveolar processes of maxilla or mandible.
What is the internal surface and external surface of teeth called?
Upper arcade: palatal and buccal/labial
Lower arcade: Lingual and buccal or labial
What are the gingival?
Dense fibrous CT, firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone
Covered by smooth and vascular mucous membrane, which start as linings of the lips and cheek.
These continue over the gingival and reflect into the alveolar sockets.
Label mouth cavity
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