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Histology - Victor > Lymph > Flashcards

Lymph Flashcards

0
Q

T or F. Lymph vessels and fenestrated.

A

No.

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1
Q

Lymph vessels are a _____ layer of epithelial cells with an incomplete _______ lamina.

A

single

basal

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2
Q

Causes of lymphedema.

A

Blockade of vessel due to
filiarisis tropical parasite
cellulitis
breast (lymph node dissection)

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3
Q

Lymphangitis has bacterial growth so rapid that local and systemic tissue destruction includes

A

abscesses
cellulitis
septicemia
red streaks

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4
Q

What are some components of innate immunity?

A

NK
neutrophils
macrophages
complement

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5
Q

What can be described by specificity, diversity, memory, self/nonself recognition?

A

Adaptive immunity.

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6
Q

What is the order of Igs made in response to stimulus?

A

MADGE

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7
Q

What’s special about IgM?

A

isotope formed in primary response

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8
Q

IgA is a _______ antibody in tears, salive, gut, nasal.

A

secretory.

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9
Q

what does IgD activate?

A

B cells.

Immunoglobulin Dave activates Buster.

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10
Q

Which Ig is most common and is for opsonization for NK?

A

IgG

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11
Q

what does IgE do?

A

for degranulate mast and basophil

beeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees

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12
Q

what are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Thymus, bone marrow

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13
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen, malt

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14
Q

Which are the encapsulated lymph organs?

A

thymus, spleen, lymph nodes.

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15
Q

Thymocytes enter the _____ via the ______.

A

cortex

corticomedullary junction of trabeculae.

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16
Q

Cortex contains what types of cells?

A

macrophages, apcs, epithelial reticular cells.

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17
Q

What is positive and negative selection of thymocytes in thymus?

A

positively select for those that can recognize mhc 1 and 2

negatively select for self recognition

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18
Q

immunocompetent naive T cells migrate out of the medulla via

A

venues and efferent lymphatic vessels

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19
Q

The medulla is characterized by

A

hassalls corpuscles

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20
Q

Maturation of thymocytes in cortex stimulated by hormones of

A

epithelial reticular cells

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21
Q

T or F. Thymoctytes leave the cortex as naive, immunocompetent mature T cells.

A

True.

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22
Q

What isolates thymocytes from exposure to antigens/blood borne macromolecules?

A

blood thymus barrier

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23
Q

What does a Treg failure do?

A

predisposes to autoimmune, since Tregs help thymocytes recognize self.

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24
Q

the adult thymus is sucky and full of

A

adipocytes.

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25
Q

Whats darker on HE stain, medulla or cortex?

A

cortex.

26
Q

NK cells last only

A

2 weeks.

27
Q

helper T cells last

A

26 weeks

28
Q

B cells can last from 10 days to ___ months.

A

15

29
Q

Only 2% of thymocytes actually survive to mature. Why?

A

Worth the variety.

30
Q

APCs that find antigen migrate to the nearest ____ to present its findings.

A

lymph node

31
Q

If antigen recognized and B cell activated, B cell migrates to _____ and proliferates, forming a _____ and ____.

A

primary lymphoid nodule

germinal center, secondary lymphoid nodule

32
Q

Capsule surrounding lymph node is made of

A

dense collagenous connective tissue.

33
Q

B and T cells enter the _____ from endothelial venules.

A

paracortex.

34
Q

from the paracortex, B cells migrate to ___ .

A

cortex

35
Q

In the cortex, B cells form _____ and upon activation, form ___________.

A

primary lymphoid nodules

secondary lymphoid nodules, germinal centers

36
Q

After secondary lymphoid, activated B cells go to _____ and exit via ____.

A

medulla

medullary sinuses and then efferent lymphatic vessel.

37
Q

Where do plasma BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB cells go after leaving medulla??

A

????????????????

bone marrow to make Ab.

38
Q

Memory BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBy cells go to ______

A

secondary lymph organs

39
Q

APCs and DCs present antigen to T cells in what part of the lymph node? antigen presentation activates Th cells and stimulates ______.

A

paracortex.

proliferation.

40
Q

Spherical aggregates of B cells located in the

A

cortex.

41
Q

Where do B cells switch Ig class?

A

GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGerminal centers

42
Q

B cells that dont make right sIg becomes

A

phagocytosed by macrophage

43
Q

The dark zone of germinal center is for ___ and ___ of B cells.

A

clonal expansion and hypersomatic mutation

44
Q

The light zone of a germinal center is for __ and __ for B cells.

A

selection, differentiation and class switching

45
Q

What is the point of B and T cell exit of the lymph nodule

A

medullary sinus of the medulla.

46
Q

What does the spleen do?

A

lymphoid cell proliferation
destroys aged platelets and erythrocytes
fetal hematopoeisis

47
Q

The splenic artery enters at the ___

A

hilum

48
Q

The ___ and ____ suspend the reticular connective tissue that forms architectural framework of spleen.

A

capsule and trabeculae.

49
Q

Which pulp of the spleen is for filtration?

A

red pulp. macrophages and phagocytes take aged erythrocytes and platelets

50
Q

Which pulp is for antigen presentation, t and B cell proliferation.

A

White.

51
Q

What are the open circulation of red pulp called? closed circulation?

A

Open splenic cord of bilroth (spongy reticular)

closed splenic sinus (spaces)

52
Q

B and T cells enter spleen via

A

marginal zone.

53
Q

After the marginal zone, B and T cells migrate to the _____ of the ____ pulp.

A

PALS (central artery) of the White pulp.

54
Q

Where do B cells go after PALS. what happens here.

A

lymph nodules (in spleen?) apc presentation, proliferation.

55
Q

In the spleen, where is T cell APC presentation?

A

in PALS.

56
Q

Where do B and T cells exit spleen??? Exit in lymph node?

A

via marginal sinuses in marginal zone.

via medullary sinus.

57
Q

Marginal zone surrounds the

A

white pulp

58
Q

What kinds of cells are in the marginal zone?

A

plasma cells, B and T cells, macrophages, Dc, apcs.

59
Q

What are Peyers patches?

A

GALT. lymphoid follicles of ileum. B cells surrounded by T cells and APCs.

60
Q

Where are M cells and what do they do?

A

epithelial lining of lymphoid follicles of GALT/BALT, capture antigens and give them to macrophages of Peyers patches etc.

61
Q

Where is balt located?

A

Brochi

62
Q

What are the invaginations of the palatine tonsil called?

A

crypts

63
Q

Tonsils composed of incompletely encapsulated lymph nodules that guard pharynx from airborne antigen

A

yes.

Histology - Victor (7 decks)

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