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Gross and Developmental Anatomy > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

development of the respiratory system occurs during what week of devlopment?

A

4th week

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2
Q

cartilage, muscle, and ct of the trachea come from what embryological structure?

A

mesoderm

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3
Q

primary gut tube comes from what what embryological structure?

A

endoderm

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4
Q

which lobar bronchi of the trachea is eparterial?

A

superior lobar bronchiole

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5
Q

which lobar bronchiole of the right main bronchus is given off before entering the hilum of the lung? after?

A

before- superior

after- middle and inferior

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6
Q

cough reflex is caused by irritation of mucous membrane of what structure?

A

carina of trachea

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7
Q

what is infant respiratory distress syndrome?

A

when there is low surfactant, the lung constricts

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8
Q

the right lung contains a depression for what vessel on its mediastinal surface?

A

arch of azygos vein

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9
Q

the left lung has a depression for what vessel on its mediastinal surface?

A

arch of aorta

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10
Q

what is the order (superior to inferior) of vessels entering the hilum of the right lung?

A

B
A
V

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11
Q

what is the order (superior to inferior) of vessels entering the hilum of the left lung?

A

A
B
V

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12
Q

which lung contains the lingula and cardiac notch?

A

left

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13
Q

what is pulmonary hyperplasia

A

when anything compresses the lungs

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14
Q

which lobar bronchiole of the left main bronchus is given off before entering the hilum of the lung? after?

A

after- superior and inferior

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15
Q

aspiration of foreign bodies leads to lodging into what main bronchi, lobe bronchi, and segment? into what lobes?

A

right main bronchus
middle and inferior lobe bronchi
posterior basal segment (inferior lobe bronchi)

middle and inferior lobes of right lung

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16
Q

which lymph nodes does bronchogenic CA metastasize to first?

A

bronchomediastinal lymph nodes

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17
Q

where does bronchogenic CA come from?

A

epithelium of main bronchi, lobule, and segmental bronchi

18
Q

svc syndrome eventually leads to what condition?

A

cyanosis

19
Q

what are the 3 major signs of horner syndrome? (3)

A

miosis
ptosis
hemianhyrosis

20
Q

miosis is paralysis of what muscle?

A

dilator pupillae m.

21
Q

ptosis is paralysis of what muscle?

A

superior tarsal m.

22
Q

what is hemianhydrosis?

A

lack of sweating on one side of body

23
Q

what is in the anterior mediastinum?

A

adult- fat and lymph

before puberty- thymus

24
Q

arch of azygos vein is in what mediastinum?

A

middle

25
Q

ascending aorta is in what mediastinum?

A

middle

26
Q

svc and ivc are in what mideastinum?

A

middle

27
Q

trachea is in what mediastnium?

A

superior only

28
Q

main bronchi are in what mediastinum?

A

middle

29
Q

what provides sensory innervation to the costal parietal pleura?

A

intercostal nerves

30
Q

what provides sensory innervation to the diaphragmatic parietal pleura?

A

phrenic nerve

lower 6 intercostal nerves

31
Q

what provides sensory innervation to the mediastinal parietal pleura?

A

phrenic nerve

32
Q

what artery supplies blood to the lungs?

A

bronchial arteries (br. from thoracic aorta)

33
Q

what vein drains blood from the lungs?

A

bronchial veins (br from azygos system)

34
Q

what location do we perfrom thoracocentesis?

A

7, 8, 9th ics midaxillary line

35
Q

what is mediastinal widening?

A

enlargement of bronchomediastinal lymph nodes, often seen in PNA

36
Q

what causes PNA?

A

infection (bacterial, viral, fungal) or chemicals

37
Q

what is PNA?

A

inflammation of the lung

38
Q

oblique fissure is associated to which vertebral spinous process and CC?

A

T2 and 6th CC

39
Q

horizontal fissure is associated with which CC?

A

4th CC

40
Q

what is pus in pleural cavity?

A

pytothorax

41
Q

what is lymph in pleural cavity?

A

chylothorax

42
Q

what is heard in the stethoscope in the case of pleuritis?

A

pleural friction rub

Gross and Developmental Anatomy (5 decks)

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