Heart Flashcards
which intercostal space do you insert pericardiocentesis to relieve cardiac tampanode
left 5th or 6th ICS parasternal line
which chamber of the heart forms most of the inferior surface?
left ventricle
which chamber of the heart forms most of the posterior surface of the heart?
left atrium
when does development of the heart tube occur?
4th week of iul
what does sinus venosus develop into?
smooth part of atria and coronary sinus
what does the primitive atria develop into?
rough part of atria (auricles)
what does primitive ventricle develop into?
rough part of ventricles
what does bulbos cordis develop into?
smooth part of ventricles
what does truncus arteriosus develop into?
pulmonary trunk and aorta
myocardium in which chamber of the heart is thickest?
left ventricle
myocardium in which chamber of the heart is thinnest?
R and L atria
what are in the subendocardial layer?
arteries, veins, and purkinje fibers
what are in the subepicardial layer?
arteries, nerves, nerve ganglia
which septa are membraneous? which are are muscular?
atrial septum- membraneous
ventricular septum- membraneous (upper), muscular (lower)
what are the main blood supply to the pericardium?
pericardiacophrenic artery (from internal thoracic a) musculophrenic artery
what artery supplies the epicardium?
coronary a
bronchial, osesophageal, and superior phrenic pericardial branches branch from what artery?
descending aorta
what are the central lymphoid organs
thymus, bone marrow
what are the peripheral lymphoid organs
spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, peyer’s patches, solitary lymph nodules
venous drainage of the heart occurs via which major veins?
internal thoracic v.
azygos and hemiazygos v.
what does ductus venosus develop into?
ligamentum venosum
what does ductus arteriosus develop into?
ligamentum arteriosum
what does foramen ovale develop into?
fossa ovale
what does umbilical vein develop into?
round ligament of liver
what does umbilical artery develop into?
medial umbilical folds
what parts of the heart does the marginal branch supply?
RV
what parts of the heart does the posterior interventricular (descending) branch supply?
LV, RV, posterior 1/3 of IV septum
what parts of the heart does the anterior interventricular (descending) branch supply?
LV, RV, anterior 2/3 of IV septum, Bundle of HIS
which valves are more commonly involved in valvular heart dz?
aortic and mitral
what are the 4 signs of tetraology of fallot
pulmonary trunk stenosis
RV hypertrophy
overriding aorta
ventricular septal defect
in which orientations is the aorticopulmonary septum displaced in tetralogy of fallot?
anterior/superior
the aorticopulmonary septum is derived from what embryological structure?
neural crest cells
what is the most common congenital heart defect?
ventricular septal defect
which coronary artery is most commonly involved in MI?
anterior (descending) interventricular artery
left and right coronary arteries branch from what part of the aorta?
ascending aorta
which cardiac veins open directly into the R atrium?
smallest cardiac veins (thebesian) veins
what are the cusps of the tricuspid valve?
anterior
posterior
septal
what are the cusps of the mitral valve?
anterior
posterior
what layer of the heart are valves formed form?
endocardium
infundibulum is a derivative of what embryological structure?
aka conus arteriousosus
bulbos cordis of heart tube- smooth portion of the ventricles
