Lungs

Question 0

describe the wall of the conducting zone.

Answer 0

mucosa (epithelial cells and lamina propria connective tissue)
submucosa. Portions that touch food are simple squamous and portions that dont are cilliated psuedostratified columnar.
glands- mucosa contains goblet cells, submucosa and lamina propria contain seromucous glands (mucous and water fluid with leukocytes).

Question 1

respiration consists of these four processes

Answer 1

1. Ventilation- moves air in and out of lungs.
2. external respiration- gas diffuses between lungs and blood
3. gas transport via blood
4. internal respiration- gas diffuses between blood and cells.

Question 2

what are the structures of the pharynx, where do hey connect and what is their epithelium type?

Answer 2

nasopharynx- connects to nasal cavity and is ciliated psudeostratified columnar
oropharynx- connects to oral cavity and is stratified squamous
langyopharynx- connects to both the larynx and pharynx is stratified squamous.

Question 3

describe the structure and function of the pharynx.

Answer 3

connects/ is part of the respiratory and digestive tract.

the soft palate folds up during swallowing to protect respiratory tract.

Question 4

what is the function of the larynx?

Answer 4

gateway to the lungs

voicebox

Question 5

what are the structures of the larynx and their hyaline cartilage types?

Answer 5

In order-
laryngeal prominance/ thyroid
cricoid
atrynoid

Question 6

structures of the larynx

Answer 6

epiglottis- guardian of the airways (closes larynx during swallowing) elastic cartilage
vocal folds (true vocal cords)- rima glottidis is the opening itself, glottis is the opening and vocal folds (complete system)
these ‘cords’ attach at the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages, and open and close based on the rotation of the arytenoid plane.
control of pitch- increased tention in the vocal folds, basically the size of the circoid cartilages

Question 7

describe the epithelium of the larynx

Answer 7

superior larynx is stratified squamous (for food contact)
inferior larynx is cilliated pseudostratified columnar
this division

Question 8

trachea. structure and function

Answer 8

located in the mediastinum.
cilliated psudostratified columnar epithelium
rings of hyaline cartilage to prevent collapse
smooth muscle
elastic connective tissue (for constant expand and recoil)

Question 9

bronchus.

Answer 9

primary bronchi- main trunk, outside of the lungs, located in the mediastinum
bronchial branches- located in the lungs, this separates the conducting and respiratory zones.

Question 10

division of the lungs.

Answer 10

*lobes-
left lung/two lobes
right lung/three lobes.
*brachiopulmonary segments-about ten per lobe.

Question 11

bronchial tree

Answer 11

trunk is outside the lungs, primary bronchus
connects trachea to alveoli
lobules- hexagonal section of the lung serve by one large bronchiole (smallest of the branch)

Question 12

how does oxygen travel to the body tissues, pathway of flow:

Answer 12

lkh

Question 13

if you ‘inhale your lunch and have bleeding in the pluera, what does the food have to pass to enter?

Answer 13

textbook?

Question 14

where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

Answer 14

pulminary alveolies of the respritory zone (capillary beds)