Lung parenchymal diseases

Question 1

What is Löfgren syndrome

Answer 1

Type of acute sarcoidosis
Triad:erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar adenopathy on CXR, arthritis.
Good prognosis, >90% of patients experiencing disease resolution within 2 years.

Question 2

Cause of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis

Answer 2

Increased intestinal calcium absorption induced by high serum calcitriol concentrations
Calcitriol-induced increase in bone resorption may also contribute

Question 3

Most common organism causing lung abscess

Answer 3

Anaerobes

Question 4

Indication of steroids in PCP

Answer 4

Corticosteroids within the first 72 hours of treatment helps to prevent respiratory failure and death in AIDS patients.
A-a gradient>35 mm Hg or a PaO2 <70 mm Hg should receive cortico-steroids when antimicrobial therapy is initiated

Question 5

Poor prognostic fators in cystic fibrosis patients

Answer 5

Female gender,Low FEV1, high CO2, high WCC

Question 6

Investigations on Kartageners syndrome

Answer 6

*Mutations in DNAI1,DNAH5
*Ciliary beat pattern analysis in video imaging
*Bronchoscopy -mucosal inflammation, mucopurulent secretions, also note reversal of anatomy
*Nasal biopsy- electron microscopy shows abnormality in cilia
PFT -reduce FEV1