Lung Development (anne Greenough) Flashcards
What is pulmonary agenesis?
Failure of respiratory development beyond the carina
What is pulmonary agenesis associated with?
Anencephaly
Deficiency of which vitamin can cause unilateral pulmonary agenesis?
Vitamin A
Which side does unilateral pulmonary agenesis most commonly occur on?
Left
What is pulmonary hypoplasia?
Incomplete development of lungs
Name 2 causes of secondary pulmonary hypoplasia
Oligohydramnios, compression (congenital diaphragmatic hernia)
What is the normal amount of foetal lung fluid at term?
20ml/kg
What effect does adrenaline have on the foetal lung fluid?
Stops secretion, increases resorption
Which 2 hormones are needed to mature the foetal lung response to adrenaline?
Thyroid hormone and cortisol
What can chronic drainage of foetal lung fluid lead to?
Pulmonary hypoplasia?
Which syndrome is characterised by lung hypoplasia, limb contractures, talipes, dislocated hips and flattened nose and ears?
Potter’s syndrome ⚡
When in pregnancy could an amniocentesis be done safely?
2nd trimester
What is mortality in babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernias due to?
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Which side are congenital diaphragmatic hernias most common?
Left
What is hydrops fetalis and what is a cause of it?
It is diminished venous return and congestive heart function. It is caused by pleural effusion
