Lung Conditions

Question 1

signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism

Answer 1

chest pain, shortness of breath, bloody sputum, tachycardia, wheezing, cyanosis, and light headedness

Question 2

how to diagnose pulmonary embolism

Answer 2

D-dimer, imaging (spinal CT), possible angiogram

Question 3

treatment of pulmonary embolism

Answer 3

clot removal, filter, blood thinner/oral anticoagulants

Question 4

signs and symptoms of heart failure

Answer 4

pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, orthopnea, crackles, clubbing, dullness, X-ray findings

Question 5

cause of bronchitis

Answer 5

bacteria, viruses, allergens, dust, smoke, irritants

Question 6

differential diagnosis for bronchitis

Answer 6

pneumonia, asthma, flu, GERD

Question 7

symptoms of bronchitis

Answer 7

conjunctivitis, adenopathy, runny nose, sore throat, headache, myalgias, possible sputum production

Question 8

adult flu symptoms

Answer 8

fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion, headache, myalgia

Question 9

children flu symptoms

Answer 9

fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 10

common bacterial pathogens of CAP

Answer 10

strep pneumo, S aureus, H influenza, M pneumonia, Chlamidophila pneumonia, Legionella

Question 11

common viral pathogens of CAP

Answer 11

adenovirus, RSV, parainfluenza

Question 12

when to hospitalize with CAP

Answer 12

CURB-65
confusion, urea >7mmol, respiratory rate >30, systolic BP <90mmHg, age >65
Hospitalize if patient has two or more of these

Question 13

pathogen for TB

Answer 13

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 14

TB symptoms

Answer 14

cough, weight loss, fever, night sweats, hemoptysis, crackles

Question 15

positive PPD

Answer 15

5mm for immunosuppressed or abnormal CXR
10mm for IVDU, nursing home, prisoners, or recent arrivals
15mm for young and healthy

Question 16

What medications are used to treat TB

Answer 16

isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide

Question 17

MDR TB

Answer 17

resistant to INH and rifampin

Question 18

XDR TB

Answer 18

resistant to INH, rifampin, and 2nd line drugs

Question 19

TB treatment complications

Answer 19

hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy

Question 20

pertussis pathogen

Answer 20

bordatella

Question 21

stages of pertussis

Answer 21

catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent

Question 22

symptoms of pertussis in catarrhal stage

Answer 22

just like minor URI with mild cough

Question 23

symptoms of pertussis in paroxysmal stage

Answer 23

cough gets worse, paroxysmal, and lingers

cyanosis and posttussive vomiting

Question 24

symptoms of pertussis is convalescent stage

Answer 24

cough lessens but may still have occasional paroxysms