Approach to Abdominal Pain Flashcards
LLQ associated pain
Diverticular disease, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst and torsion, endometriosis, IBS, PID
RLQ associated pain
appendicitis, diverticular disease, IBS, IBD, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst and torsion, PID
RUQ associated pain
acute cholecystitis, biliary colic, acute hepatitis, duodenal ulcer, right lower lobe pneumonia, myocardial infarction
LUQ associated pain
gastritis, pancreatitis, GERD, splenic pathology, left lower lobe pneumonia, myocardial infarction
Periumbilical pain
appendicitis, gastritis, GERD, AAA, pancreatitis
Ectopic pregnancy signs
irregular bleeding/spotting/amenorrhea, adnexal pelvic pain, Kehr’s sign
Myocardial infarction signs
often mimics GERD or other benign conditions, such as typical stomach pain and presents atypically in women
Irritable Bowel Syndrome symptoms
pain/cramps relieved with bowel movement, chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, change in stool appearance
Treatment for ectopic pregnancy
surgery or methotrexate
Treatment for IBS
anti-spasmodics, anti-diarrheals, anti-constipation, SSRI, reassurance
signs of appendicitis
Psoas and obturator signs, Rovsing’s, Markle signs, McBurney’s sign, cutaneous hyperesthesia, periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, obstipation, fever
symptoms of cystitis
suprapubic pain, dysuria, hematuria, fever
treatment for cystitis
antibiotics and fluids
symptoms of pyelonephritis
CVA tenderness, fever, hematuria
treatment for pyelonephritis
antibiotics
symptoms of renal calculi
flank pain, hematuria, CVA tenderness
hepatitis symptoms
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, malaise, fever, jaundice
hepatitis causes
virus, alcohol, drugs, autoimmune, toxins
hepatitis physical exam findings
liver tenderness, hepatomegaly, and caput medusa
hepatitis treatment
remove the offending agent, treat viral types, paracentesis
Crohn’s symptoms
bouts of fever, RLQ pain, diarrhea
Crohn’s treatments
diet, 5-ASA, steroids, anti-TNF drugs
Ulcerative colitis symptoms
bloody diarrhea and fecal urgency
Ulcerative colitis treatments
5-ASA, steroids, surgery
What psychosocial issues can present with abdominal complaints
Depression, anxiety, somatization disorders, malingering, drug seeking
how to differentiate between the two types of ulcers
gastric ulcers are usually worse with food intake
duodenal ulcers are usually relieved by eating
symptoms of gastritis
nausea, vomiting, cramping, fever
causes of gastritis
GI irritants, infection, stress
treatment of gastritis
clear fluids for 24 - 48 hours then BRAT
causes of pancreatitis
alcohol abuse and large fatty meals
signs of pancreatitis
Cullen’s sign, Grey Turner’s sign, tender LUQ, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills
treatment for pancreatitis
IV fluids and nothing by mouth
Foods that exacerbate GERD
alcohol, chocolate, tobacco, caffeine, mint, tomato sauce/salsa
treatment for GERD
H2 blockers, PPIs, diet changes, weight loss, Nissen fundoplication
