Lumbosacral/Thoracic Complaint Flashcards
What commonly causes spina bifida?
Folate deficiency – neural tube closure defects
What are the 3 types of spina bifidia?
Spina bifida occulta
Meningocele
Myelomeningocele
Incomplete closure of vertebrae; often no other symptoms and usually a tuft of hair is present at the site
Spina bifida occulta
Only a sac of fluid protrudes through the incomplete vertebrae closure
Meningocele
A sac of fluid protrudes through the incomplete vertebrae closure that includes spinal nerve tissue
Myelomeningocele
A lateral curve of more than 10 degrees with vertebral rotation is what?
Scoliosis
What is the most common cause of scoliosis?
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (no known cause)
Which gender is more likely to develop a severe case of scoliosis?
Females
What are the first observations of a more severe case of scoliosis?
D of the back, shoulder height difference and crease at the waist – forms the D
Describe the Adam’s forward bending test for scoliosis?
Have pt bend forward at the waist, if scoliosis is present, there will be lateral bending of the spine and the vertebral rotation will produce a rib hump that is visible and measurable
Adam’s forward bending test numerical value
Angle of trunk rotation (ATR) has to be more than 7 degrees to declare scoliosis
What is the cobb angle measured from?
An x ray of the spine
Describe how to find the cobb angle
Draw a line from the most tilted vertebrae above and below the apex of curvature, then draw perpendicular lines from them towards eachother;
Once the perpendicular lines intersect they will create another angle that needs to be greater than or equal to 10 degrees to classify scoliosis
What does a Risser sign of 1 mean?
The bone is immature and not done growing, thus if scoliosis is already present then it will more than likely worse
What does a Risser sign of 5 mean?
The bone is mature and more than likely the scoliosis will not progress
