Hip complaint Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common in newborns?

A

Hip dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you test for hip dysplasia and what are you looking for?

A

Use the Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers to test for hip dislocation and you may feel or hear a hip clunk when it dislocates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is common in boys 3-12 yo?

A

Perthe’s Disease (Legg-Calve-Perthe’s Disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens with Perthe’s Disease?

A

The blood supply to the femoral head is interrupted and then femoral head necroses and possibly fractures; it will eventually reform but it will be an odd shape and can result in osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Perthe’s Disease?

A

Limping and stiffness in hip/groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is common in obese boys 8-15 yo?

A

SCFE (Slipped capital femoral epiphysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens with SCFE?

A

The growth plate is damaged and the femoral head slips with respect to the rest of the femur - may be associated with a growth spurt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of SCFE?

A

Impaired internal rotation = leg rotated outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is most common in people 30-50 yo?

A

AVN - Avascular Necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Avascular Necrosis?

A

Very similar to Perthe’s Disease but in adults; limited blood supply to femoral head causes it to die and fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What can also cause avascular necrosis?

A

Long time alcohol or steroid use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is more common in middle - aged women, obese, who overuse or injure their hip?

A

Trochanteric Bursitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Trochanteric Bursitis?

A

Inflammation of the bursa; symptoms include pain on the outside of hip and pain when walking up stairs or laying on affected side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe osteoarthritis of the hip

A

Most common in people over 60;
Breakdown of cartilage, narrowing joint space, formation of bony spurs
Symptoms = pain after use or inactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is FAI

A

Femoral Acetabular Impingement

- Hip joint not shaped normally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Athletes, adolescents, adults can have what?

17
Q

What is the diagnosis for damage to the cartilage around the hip that results in clicking, locking, catching?

A

Labral tear

18
Q

What is most common in white women over 85 yo who FELL?

A

Hip fracture

19
Q

What can cause compartment syndrome?

A

A buildup of pressure within muscles that can be caused by pelvic fractures/crush injuries

20
Q

What are the signs of compartment syndrome?

A
5Ps = pain, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness
3As = agitation, anxiety, increased analgesic requirement
21
Q

What is more common in infants and older adults that includes an infection of the joint?

A

Septic arthritis - warm, red, swollen

22
Q

What are the 2 causes of piriformis syndrome?

A

Piriformis spasms = pain or it spasms and irritates the sciatic nerve = numbness/tingling

23
Q

ROM for hip flexion?

24
Q

ROM for hip extension?

25
ROM for hip ABduction?
45-50
26
ROM for hip ADDuction?
20-30
27
ROM for hip internal rotation?
30-40
28
Describe the setup for hip flexion SD MET
pt prone, physician extends at hip and holds beneath flexed knee to do so, engage RB and then have them flex against you
29
Describe the setup for hip extension:hamstrings SD MET
pt supine, physician flexes at hip and holds beneath an extended knee, engage RB and then have them extend against you
30
Describe the setup for hip extension:glutes SD MET
pt lateral recumbant, flex at the top hip, engage RB and have them extend against you
31
Describe the setup for internally rotated hip SD MET
pt supine, flex at hip and knee | externally rotate to engage RB, have them internally rotate against you
32
Describe the setup for externally rotated hip SD MET
pt supine, flex at hip and knee | Internally rotate to engage RB, have them externally rotate against you
33
Describe the setup for hip Abduction SD MET
pt supine, physician stabilizes both ankles and lifts affected side Engage RB by ADDucting LE and then having them ABduct against you
34
Describe the setup for hip ADduction SD MET
pt supine, physician stabilizes both legs | Engage RB by ABducting LE and then having them ADDuct against you