Lumbopelvic Anatomy Flashcards
Bones, Muscles, VAN
Sacroiliac Joint
between scrum and ilium
articulates on both sides of the sacrum
Sacral Nutation
sacral flexion/ locking
iliac bones approximates and ischial tuberosities spread
Sacral Counter Nutation
sacral extension/unlocking
iliac bones spread, ischial tuberosities approximate
anterosuperior glide of articular surface of sacrum
Quadratus Lumborum Origin
Posterior inner lip of the iliac crest
Quadratus Lumborum Insertion
1.5 length of the lower border of the 12th rib and the transverse process of the upper 4 L-vertebrae
Quadratus Lumborum Action
Lateral flexion of the ipsilateral side
lateral pelvic rotation to contralteral side
lumbar extension
anterior pelvic rotation
stabilize the pelvis and lumbar spine
Quadratus Lumborum Innervation
Branches of T12, L1-L4 nerves
Rectus Abdominis Origin
Crest of pubis
Rectus Abdominis Insertion
Cartilage of 5-6 ribs and xiphoid process
Rectus Abdominis Action
Both sides lumbar flexion
both sides posterior pelvic rotation
each side weak lateral flexion to ipsilateral side
Rectus Abdominis Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T7-T11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
External Oblique Abdominis Origin
Borders of lower 8 ribs at the side of the chest
will dovetail with serratus anterior
External Oblique Abdominis Inseertion
anterior half of iliac crest
inguinal ligament
crest of pubis
fascia of RA at lower front
External Oblique Abdominis Action
both sides lumbar flexion
both sides posterior pelvic rotation
each lumbar lateral flexion to ipsilateral side
each lateral pelvic rotation to contralateral side
each lumbar rotation to contralateral side
External Oblique Abdominis Innervation
intercostal nerves (T8-T11)
subcostal nerve (T12)
iliohypogastric nerve (T12-L1)
ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
Internal Oblique Abdominal Origin
Upper half of inguinal ligament
anterior 2/3 of ilium crest and lumbar fascia
Internal Oblique Abdominal Insertion
costal cartilage 8-10 ribs and linea alba
Internal Oblique Abdominal Action
both sides lumbar flexion
both posterior pelvic rotation
each lumbar lateral flexion ipsilateral side
each lateral rotation contralateral side
each lumbar rotation to ipsilateral side
Internal Oblique Abdominal Innervation
intercostal nerves (T8-T11)
subcostal nerve (T12)
iliohypogastric nerve (T12-L1)
ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
Linea Alba
runs from the xiphoid to the pubis
Linea Semilunaris
moon shaped
lateral to each RA
aponeurosis connecting the lateral border of the RA with the medial border of the EOA and IOA
Transverse Abdominis Origin
lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament
inner rim of iliac crest
inner surface of costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs
lumbar fascia
Transverse Abdominis Insertion
crest of pubis and iliopectinal line
abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba
Transverse Abdominis Action
forced expiration
pull the abdominal wall inward
Transverse Abdominis Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T8-T11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
iliohypogastric nerve (T12-L1)
ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
Psoas Major Origin
Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae
transverse processes of L1-L5
Psoas Major Insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur
Psoas Major Action
Hip flexion
Psoas Major Innervation
Anterior Rami of L1-L3
Psoas Minor Origin
Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae
Psoas Minor Insertion
pectineal line
iliopectineal eminence via iliopubic arch
Psoas Minor Action
Hip flexion
Psoas Minor Innervation
Anterior Rami of L2-L3
Iliopsoas
psoas major and minor
Sacro-iliac Ligaments
Anterior Sacro-iliac Ligament
Interosseous iliac ligament
Posterior Sacro-iliac Ligament
Sacrotuberus Ligament
Sacrospinous Ligament
Anterior Sacro-iliac Ligament
anterior part of the fibrous capsule
Interosseous iliac ligament
primary involved in transferring weight of the upper body to the iliac
runs obliquely and out from sacrum
Posterior Sacro-iliac Ligament
posterior external continuation of the interosseous iliac ligament
runs obliquely and out from sacrum
joined by fibers from the ilium and base of the coccyx to form the sacrotuberous ligament
Sacrotuberous Ligament
passes from the posterior ilium and lateral sacrum and coccyx to the ischial tuberosities
transforms the sciatic notch of the pelvis into a large sciatic foramen
sacrum stabilization: prevent nutation
Sacrospinous Ligament
goes from lateral sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine
divides the sciatic foramen into greater and lesser
sacrum stabilization: prevent nutation
Celiac Trunk
Originates from the aorta at T12
3 main branches
- left gastric artery
-common hepatic
-splenic artery
Common Iliac Artery
originates from abdominal aorta
has a L & R
each artery divides into an internal and external
Internal Iliac artery
main artery of the pelvis
External iliac Artery
supplies blood to the legs and feet
branches to different names
Common iliac Veins
originate from the internal iliac veins and external iliac veins
start at L4-L5
forms inferior vena cava
Sacral Plexus
located on the posterior wall of the lesser pelvis
most nerves leave through the greater foramen
2 main nerves; sciatic and pudendal
Sciatic Nerve
starts from sacral plexus L4-S3
largest nerve in the body
goes through greater foramen in most humans, inferior to the piriformis and deep to glute max
Pudendal Nerve
goes to sex organs, S4/S3
Piriformis Syndrome
sciatic nerve going through or above piriformis
can lead to compression or traction of nerve
Superior Gluteal Nerve
part of sacral plexus
L4-S1
passes through the greater sciatic foramen and superior to piriformis
laterally between gluteus medius and minimus
supplies gluteal region
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
L5-S2
passes through greater sciatic foramen
inferior to piriformis but superficial to sciatic nerve
deep to inferior part of glute maximus
runs with inferior gluteal artery
supplies gluteal region
