Lulu the Lioness 1-5 (yay)

Question 1

Data set 1: Behavioural Observational Data

Data set 2: Geographical observational data

Data set 3: Karyotype Data

Data set 4: Female lion a nd cub genotype data

Data set 5: Complete Pride genotype data

Answer 1

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Question 2

things to take away from data set 1
Behavioural observations data summary:

-633, 630 (lulu, cubs 709-712 were missing
-631 and 695 present after 633 disappearance
-631 and 628 mated
-630 and others find in homob
-new cub 713

Answer 2

-lions move from pride to pride

-males migrate to take over other prides
-lions 630 and 631 are suspected partners
-628 y 631 most likely parents of cub 713

Question 3

things to take away from data set 2
Geographical Observational Data summary:

-Male 633 similar age to Lulu

-males 695 and 631 from other prides

-cubs 709-712 moved to homob, -613 alive in riet

Answer 3

-Lulu brought cubs 709-712 to homob to prevent getting killed
-lulu must be mother of one of these cubs
-613 alive in riet, cuz cub of 631

-mutual care for cubs in prides

Question 4

things to take away from data set 3
Karyotype Data summary
-19 pairs of chromosomes
-38 chromosomes in total
-one pair of XY (male) or XX (female) chromosomes

Answer 4

-the alleles of not only the cubs but also parents are necessary

-19 chromosomes from inherited each lion parent

Question 5

things to take away from data set 4:
Female lion and cub genotype data summary:

-628 shares at least one allele in every locus with cubs 709, 710, and 713

-same with Lulu and Cub 711

the same with 687 and Cub 712

Answer 5

-real mothers will share one allele in every locus with her cub so that we can use this to match the shared alleles and find the mother and cub

-628, mother of cubs 709, 710, and 713

-630 (lulu) mother of Cub 711,

-687,, mother of cub 712

*** MUST BE CONFIRMED WITH MALE ALLELES IN NEXT DATA SET

Question 6

Data Set 5:
Complete Pride Genotype Data summary

-showed the alleles of the males so we could compare which lion and lioness shared at least one allele each with which cub

Answer 6

-709 and 710’s parents are 628 and 668

711 parents are 630 (lulu) and 633

-712 parents are 687 and 633

-713 parents are 628 and 631

Question 7

What were the benefits for Lulu (#630) to raise the cubs there were not hers?

Answer 7

There is an evolutionary advantage to raising the young together because this ensures that Lulu’s genetic information will be passed along. Her cub is one of many cubs, so there is a safety in numbers. With more cubs, they have more help hunting.

Question 8

Why do you think the researchers were surprised by the final Genotype Parentage Data?

Answer 8

Researchers found out that not all the cubs belong to the same mother and that lions can move among different prides frequently.

Question 9

Based on your experience with this data from Africa, how is it advantageous for some species like lions to live in a social group?

Answer 9

Protection, group hunting, communal cub raising

Question 10

Why is knowing the parentage important?

Answer 10

Knowing parentage is important in zoo populations and endangered species. Zoologists and scientists are always trying to maximize the gene pools (the amount of genes available in a population) of zoo animals and endangered animals to prevent inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity. Diversity of genes gives more variation and therefore can sometimes help the species survive better. Zoos often work together within a network to achieve this.

Question 11

Abiotic

Answer 11

Non-living things that are found in the ecosystem such as rivers and mountains.

Question 12

biotic

Answer 12

living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria

Question 13

Adaptation

Answer 13

An inherited characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

Question 14

parentage

Answer 14

the identity and origins of one’s parents

Question 15

Explain 2 types of evidence you would need to determine the relatedness between organisms of the same species.

Answer 15

We would need the genotype of the parents and the cub and observations of the behavior.