Herbivores, Omnivores, Carnivores, Oh My! Animal Nutrition Lab

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

Question 2

Endotherm

Answer 2

An organism that is able to maintain a steady internal temperature on its own

Question 3

Ectotherm

Answer 3

an animal whose body temperature varies with the temperature of its surroundings

Question 4

Resting Metabolic Rate

Answer 4

The energy required to maintain essential body processes at rest.

Question 5

Physique

Answer 5

the form, size, and development of a organism’s body

Question 6

kcal

Answer 6

the unit of measurement that is used to represent energy.

Question 7

Overall Metabolic Rate

Answer 7

The amount of energy needed for all daily activities beyond our basic needs.

Question 8

Dentition

Answer 8

The type, development, arrangement and number of teeth for an organism

Question 9

cecum

Answer 9

a pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines.

Question 10

what is the main function of the cecum in herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores?

Answer 10

breaks down cellulose in plants

Question 11

what is the difference in the cecum of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores?

Answer 11

Herbivores cecums are much larger than omnivore cecum, while carnivores have very small or nonexistent cecums. (based on amount of plant in diet)

Question 12

what is cellulose

Answer 12

a fiber that is very hard to digest that is found in cell walls of plants

Question 13

what are the main functions of the large and small intestines?

Answer 13

small intestine: absorbs most of the nutrients from food

large intestine: absorbs remaining water and salts, gets rid of waste

Question 14

what are the differences of the intestines between omnivores, herbivores, and carnivores?

Answer 14

herbivores have the longest digestive tract and less simpler, carnivores have short and simple, omnivores are in between

Question 15

Incisors

Answer 15

Teeth between the canines that are used for cutting.

Question 16

Canines

Answer 16

Teeth in front of the premolars that rip and tear food.

Question 17

Premolars

Answer 17

The teeth immediately behind the canines; used in chewing, grinding, and shearing food.

Question 18

Molars

Answer 18

Back teeth that grind food

Question 19

How did you figure out what features allowed herbivores and carnivores to consume their diets?

Answer 19

You can determine animal diet through the differences in their digestive system and their dentition.

Question 20

digestion background by mrs torpie

Answer 20

Vertebrate digestive tracts tend to be the shortest and simplest in carnivores, and longer in omnivores. Due to the high levels of cellulose in the walls of plant cells, the digestive tracts of herbivores are more complex, and include a system for the
additional digestion of plant material. The midgut, which includes the small intestine, is the principal site of digestion and nutrient absorption in all vertebrates. It is separated from the large intestine, or hindgut, by a valve. The hindgut is the site of water reabsorption. The cecum is
a blind sac located at the junction between the midgut and hindgut. It is the structure utilized for additional digestion of plant material.