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Science > Ls. 1 Characteristics of life > Flashcards

Ls. 1 Characteristics of life Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is an organism

A

this that have all the characteristics of life

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2
Q

how are living things organized

A

by cells that have special structures and functions

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3
Q

what does unicellular mean

A

made up of only one cell

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4
Q

what does multicellular mean

A

made up of more than 1 cell

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5
Q

does each cell in multicellular have a different function

A

yes

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6
Q

what is one characteristic of life

A

organazation

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7
Q

how are multicellular organisms more complex than unicellular

A

they have a greater level of organization

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8
Q

what does grow mean

A

get larger

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9
Q

how do unicellular organisms grow

A

the cell itself grows

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10
Q

how do cells grow in multicellular organisms

A

the number of cells increase

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11
Q

what does develop mean and whats an example

A

the change in an organism over it’s lifetime
ex: tadpole turning into a frog

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12
Q

what does reproduction mean

A

the process by which one organism makes 1 or more new organisms. Ensures survival of spieces

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13
Q

what does response to stimuli mean

A

changes that you or an organism makes in response to something

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14
Q

what does internal stimuli mean, whats an example

A

things that happen whiten an organism, ex: feeling hungry and looking for food

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15
Q

what does external stimuli mean, whats an example

A

changes in the environment that cause an organism to change, ex: light or temp

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16
Q

what direction do plants tend to grow

A

toward the light source

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17
Q

what will happened to the amount of blood flowing to an area when temperature changes

A

it will change

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18
Q

homeostasis definition

A

an organisms ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside

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19
Q

what happens if an organism dosen’t have homeostasis

A

it could get sick and die

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20
Q

what does methed of regulation mean

A

the body’s responses to deal with changes in the environment

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21
Q

what is an example of methed of regulation

A

temp changes- shiver, sweat, blood flow

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22
Q

is there a limit of how many changes can happen inside an organisms with methed of regulation

A

yes

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23
Q

what do all organisms need to survive for all process

A

energy

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24
Q

where does energy origiginate from

A

the sun

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25
Q

where do all living creatures trace their energy back to the sun

A

the food web

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26
Q

who was the first to classify organisms

A

Aristotle

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27
Q

what was Aristotle’s two main categories

A

plants and animals

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28
Q

how did aristotle break down his categories

A

by different categories or characteristics

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29
Q

what are the 8 main categories that all organisms fall into with subcategories between

A

Domain, Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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30
Q

what are systematics

A

n

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31
Q

Taxonomy

A

the branch of science concerned with the classification of organisms

32
Q

what are the 3 main domains that divide all organisms

A

bateria, Archaea, Eukarya

33
Q

what does the bacteria domain divide from all organisms

A

simple cell organisms

34
Q

what does the domain Archaea divide from all animals

A

single cell organisms with special structures because they live in extreme conditions

35
Q

what does the domain Eukarya divide from all organisms

A

single or multi celled organisms that have a nucleus

36
Q

what is a nucleus

A

the structure in the cell that contains the chromosomes

37
Q

what are kingdoms

A

smaller divisions of domains

38
Q

what domains have only one kingdom

A

bacteria and archaea

39
Q

what are the names of Eukarya kingdoms

A

fungi, plante, protis, scientific names

40
Q

what is fungi kingdom in the Eukarya domain

A

single or multi celled organisms that absorbs food

41
Q

where is the fungi on a Eukarya organism

A

usually on the back on the organism

42
Q

what is plante kingdom in the Eukarya domain

A

multi celled organisms that take in food

43
Q

what is the Protis kingdom in the Eukarya domain

A

single celled organisms that are more complex than those organisms of the Bacteria and Archaea domains

44
Q

who is Carol Linnaeus and what did he do

A

he is a swedish physician in the 1700s who created the naming systems or organisms

45
Q

what is biomedical nomenclature

A

a 2 word scientific name for every organism consisting of its genus and species

46
Q

what is species

A

a group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring

47
Q

what is genus

A

groups of similar species

48
Q

why is using scientific names useful

A

it permits anyone in the world to use the same name or all organisms, communication is easier,

49
Q

what is an example of scientific names

A

like common names, like pine trees, may be to general for accuracy

50
Q

what are some classification tools that we can use

A

Dichotomous Key and Cladograms

51
Q

what is a dichotomous key

A

a series of descriptions given in pairs that permits a user to identify an unknown organism, choices continue until organism in identified. (smiley faces)

52
Q

what are cladograms

A

branched diagram that shows the relationship among organisms, including common ancestry

53
Q

how does a cladogram diagram work

A

each branch traces a new characteristic, and all organisms to the right of the branch to show that characteristic (can be a straight line or more complex, dependent upon the characteristic chosen.)

54
Q

how does a microscope help when doing research

A
  • enables people to see details of living things that they couldn’t see otherwise
  • to make discoveries
55
Q

who made the first microscope and when.

A

Robert Hook in the 1600s

56
Q

What did Robert Hook discover when he made the first microscope

A

cells

57
Q

who made improvements to the microspces

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek, a dutch merchant

58
Q

what does magnification mean

A

making an object appear larger than it really is

59
Q

what does relulution mean

A

how clearly the magnified objects can be seen (every microscope magnifies objects and has a resolution)

60
Q

what is a light microscope

A

uses a light source and lense to enlarge the image of an object

61
Q

what is a simple light microscope

A

has one lense to create an elarged image

62
Q

what is a compound light microscope

A

has 2 or more lenses to create the image, each lense makes the image larger and has greater magnification than the simple microscope

63
Q

how do you determine how many times an object is magnified over its acual size

A

multiply the power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens

64
Q

what does an electron microscope use to work

A

uses a magnetic feild to pass a beam of electros to or through the object

65
Q

what has a greater magnification ability? Light microscope or electron microscope?

A

electron microscope has a greater resolution

66
Q

why can’t you use an alive organism with a Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

A

the organism has to be mounted in plastic and cut thin

67
Q

how does a Transmission electron microscope (TEM) work

A

an electron beam is passed through the specimen

68
Q

how does a scanning electron microscope work (SEM)

A

electrons are bounced off the surface to create a 3D image of the object

69
Q

how does health care use microscopes

A

to diagnose problems and in surgery to give the doctor a greater detail of the object

70
Q

how do forensic scientists use microscopes

A

they study evidence from crime scenes

71
Q

how do anthropologists use microscopes

A

to study fossils

72
Q

how do commercial industries and jewelry industry use microscopes

A

to look at product quality and any impurities

73
Q

cladograms can be a simple straight line or more complex, dependent upon the characteristic chosen

A

fart

74
Q

what are systematics

A

current classification system using all info known about the organism

75
Q

what are some examples of systematics

A

cell type, structures, habitat, DNA, evidence, common ancestry food and energy,

76
Q

what is the memorization sentence for classifying living things

A

Dear King Philip Called Out For Good Soup

77
Q

what does, Dear King Phillip Called Out For Good Soup, Mean in classifying organisms

A

Domain, kingdom, Phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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