Lowerlimb Muscles and Movements Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?

A

Psoas Major and minor and iliacus

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2
Q

What are the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?

A

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

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3
Q

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

A

Extension

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4
Q

What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Abduction

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5
Q

How many muscle compartments are there in the thigh?

A

3

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6
Q

What action do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh have?

A

Extension of the knee

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7
Q

What action do the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?

A

Hip flexion

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8
Q

What action do the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?

A

Hip extension and abduction

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9
Q

What are the 4 components of the quadriceps muscle?

A

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis

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10
Q

What does the quadriceps tendon become?

A

Patella tendon which houses the patella

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11
Q

What muscles keeps the patella aligned?

A

Vastus medialis

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12
Q

Where does the hamstring attach to on the ischium?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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13
Q

Why is the hamstring easily injured?

A

The muscle is stretched over two joints, it can be torn easily.

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14
Q

What nerve is the harmstring innervated by?

A

Sciatic nerve

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15
Q

When nerve innervates the adductor muscles in the lateral compartment of the thigh?

A

Obtruator nerve

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16
Q

What action does the anterior compartment of the thigh have?

A

Extending the knee

17
Q

What action does the posterior compartment of the thigh have?

A

Flexing the knee

18
Q

What action does the medial compartment of the thigh have?

A

Adducting the knee

19
Q

What action does the anterior compartment of the leg have?

A

Dorsiflexion and toe extension

20
Q

What action does the posterior compartment of the leg have?

A

Plantarflexion

21
Q

What action does the lateral compartment of the leg have?

A

Foot eversion

22
Q

What are the two muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnaemius and soleus

23
Q

Which posterior leg muscle is used for power?

A

Gastrocnaemius, fast twitch fibres

24
Q

Why can gastrocnaemius be injured easily?

A

It is stretched over 2 joints

25
Which posterior leg muscle helps maintain posture?
Soleus, slow twitch fibres maintain the ankle joint angle in the body
26
How many layers of muscle are there in the posterior compartment of the leg?
2, superficial and deep
27
Why can an avulsion fracture heal quicker than a tendon fracture?
The bone has a better vascular supply so it is easier to heal it.