Lowerlimb Muscles and Movements Flashcards
What are the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?
Psoas Major and minor and iliacus
What are the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?
Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus
What is the function of the gluteus maximus?
Extension
What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Abduction
How many muscle compartments are there in the thigh?
3
What action do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh have?
Extension of the knee
What action do the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?
Hip flexion
What action do the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?
Hip extension and abduction
What are the 4 components of the quadriceps muscle?
Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis
What does the quadriceps tendon become?
Patella tendon which houses the patella
What muscles keeps the patella aligned?
Vastus medialis
Where does the hamstring attach to on the ischium?
Ischial tuberosity
Why is the hamstring easily injured?
The muscle is stretched over two joints, it can be torn easily.
What nerve is the harmstring innervated by?
Sciatic nerve
When nerve innervates the adductor muscles in the lateral compartment of the thigh?
Obtruator nerve
What action does the anterior compartment of the thigh have?
Extending the knee
What action does the posterior compartment of the thigh have?
Flexing the knee
What action does the medial compartment of the thigh have?
Adducting the knee
What action does the anterior compartment of the leg have?
Dorsiflexion and toe extension
What action does the posterior compartment of the leg have?
Plantarflexion
What action does the lateral compartment of the leg have?
Foot eversion
What are the two muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?
Gastrocnaemius and soleus
Which posterior leg muscle is used for power?
Gastrocnaemius, fast twitch fibres
Why can gastrocnaemius be injured easily?
It is stretched over 2 joints
Which posterior leg muscle helps maintain posture?
Soleus, slow twitch fibres maintain the ankle joint angle in the body
How many layers of muscle are there in the posterior compartment of the leg?
2, superficial and deep
Why can an avulsion fracture heal quicker than a tendon fracture?
The bone has a better vascular supply so it is easier to heal it.
