Lowerlimb Muscles and Movements

Question 1

What are the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 1

Psoas Major and minor and iliacus

Question 2

What are the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 2

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

Question 3

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 3

Extension

Question 4

What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 4

Abduction

Question 5

How many muscle compartments are there in the thigh?

Answer 5

3

Question 6

What action do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh have?

Answer 6

Extension of the knee

Question 7

What action do the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?

Answer 7

Hip flexion

Question 8

What action do the posterior muscles of the pelvic girdle have?

Answer 8

Hip extension and abduction

Question 9

What are the 4 components of the quadriceps muscle?

Answer 9

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis

Question 10

What does the quadriceps tendon become?

Answer 10

Patella tendon which houses the patella

Question 11

What muscles keeps the patella aligned?

Answer 11

Vastus medialis

Question 12

Where does the hamstring attach to on the ischium?

Answer 12

Ischial tuberosity

Question 13

Why is the hamstring easily injured?

Answer 13

The muscle is stretched over two joints, it can be torn easily.

Question 14

What nerve is the harmstring innervated by?

Answer 14

Sciatic nerve

Question 15

When nerve innervates the adductor muscles in the lateral compartment of the thigh?

Answer 15

Obtruator nerve

Question 16

What action does the anterior compartment of the thigh have?

Answer 16

Extending the knee

Question 17

What action does the posterior compartment of the thigh have?

Answer 17

Flexing the knee

Question 18

What action does the medial compartment of the thigh have?

Answer 18

Adducting the knee

Question 19

What action does the anterior compartment of the leg have?

Answer 19

Dorsiflexion and toe extension

Question 20

What action does the posterior compartment of the leg have?

Answer 20

Plantarflexion

Question 21

What action does the lateral compartment of the leg have?

Answer 21

Foot eversion

Question 22

What are the two muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 22

Gastrocnaemius and soleus

Question 23

Which posterior leg muscle is used for power?

Answer 23

Gastrocnaemius, fast twitch fibres

Question 24

Why can gastrocnaemius be injured easily?

Answer 24

It is stretched over 2 joints

Question 25

Which posterior leg muscle helps maintain posture?

Answer 25

Soleus, slow twitch fibres maintain the ankle joint angle in the body

Question 26

How many layers of muscle are there in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 26

2, superficial and deep

Question 27

Why can an avulsion fracture heal quicker than a tendon fracture?

Answer 27

The bone has a better vascular supply so it is easier to heal it.