Lower Respiratory Tract Exam DSA Flashcards
Which of the following is the collapse of lung tissue that affects the alveoli from normal O2 absorption?
A. Hypoxia
B. Tachypenea
C. Atelectasis
D. Hypoxemia
Atelectasis
Which of the following correctly describes the Pleximeter finger?
A. The “tapping” finger of the dominant hand
B. the hyperextended middle finger of non-dominant hand in percussion
C. Finger that the spirometer gets placed on
D. the hyperextended pointer finger of the non-dominant hand in percussion
B. the hyperextended middle finger of non-dominant hand in percussion
In which of the following locations would you insert a chest tube?
A. 2nd intercostal space
B. 3rd instercostal space
C. 4th intercostal space
D. 7th intercostal space
4th intercostal space
NOTE:
Needle thoracentesis: 2nd
Thoracentesis landmark: 7th
For physical examination of the Lower Respiratory tract, what is the order of operation?
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
IPPA
Which of the following correctly explains how the Pulse oximeter works?
A. Oxygenated blood absorbs infrared light and lets the red light pass through, while deoxygenated blood does the opposite
B. Oxygenated blood absorbs the red light and lets the infrared light pass through, while deoxygenated blood does the opposite
C. Oxygenated blood and Deoxygenated blood both absorb infrared light
D. None of the above
Oxygenated blood absorbs infrared light and lets the red light pass through, while deoxygenated blood does the opposite
The pulse oximeter detects this ratio of absorption and uses the values to approx. the peripheral arterial oxygen saturation level or SpO2
Which of the following affect the accuracy of pulse oximetry reading?
A. Signal Failure
B. Peripheral Vascular Disease
C. Extremity elevation
D. Vasoconstriction
E. All of the above
All of the above
Capnography is the non-invasive measurement of CO2 in the exhaled air, with the EtCO2 being the [CO2] at the end of respiration/exhalation. What is the normal value of the EtCO2?
A. 0-35
B. 35-40
C. 40-70
D. 10-12
35-40
Which of the following classifies as clbbing of the finger nails?
A. Angle of < 180 between nail and proximal nail fold
B. Angle of >180 between nail and proximal nail fold
Angle of >180 between nail and proximal nail fold
The following phot below depicts tracheal deviation. Name the 4 clinical scenarios where trachial deviation occurs (as seen in the lecture).
Pneumothorax (tension and non tension)
Pleaural effusion
Atelectasis
Mass
All of the following can cause clubbing of the fingers, EXCEPT?
A. Congenital heart disease
B. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
C. Bronchiectasis
D. All the above are correct
All the above are correct
Pectus excavatum is a ________ in the chest, while Pectus Carinatum is a where the sternum is displaced more anteriorly causing an increase in AP diameter.
Pectus excavatum is a Depression in the chest, while Pectus Carinatum is a where the sternum is displaced more anteriorly causing an increase in AP diameter.
T/F: A barrel chest can often be seen in PTs with COPD
True
What’s the difference between chronic bronchitis and emphysema? don’t think to hard there’s a picture on the other side of this
Chronic bronchitis: productive cough for 3 months or more
When performing Tactile Fremitus you use the bony part of your palms to palpate vibrations while the PT says “99” or “1-1-1”. All of the following are indicated when the vibrationsare decreased or absent, EXCEPT which of the following that is indicated when vibrations are increased?
A. COPD
B. Pneumonia
C. Pleural Effusions
D. Fibrosis or Infliltrating tumor
E. Pneumothorax
Pneumonia
Which of the following OMM techniques is useful for normalizing sympathetic nervous system?
A. Doming the diaphragm
B. Rib raising
C. Tapotement
D. THoracic Pump
Rib raising
NOTE: Thoracic pump helps with atelectasis (partial lung collapse)
Which of the following is true of percussion?
A. Unable to determine if underlying structures are air filled
B. Only able to determine if underlying structures are fluid filled
C. Cannot be used to detect deep seated lesions
D. None of the above
Cannot be used to detect deep seated lesions
Percussion can only penetrate 5-7cm
A healthy lung should have which of the following sounds upon percussion?
A. Resonant
B. Tympanic
C. Flat
D. Dull
Resonant
Which of the follow sounds are you liekly to hear in patients with COPD/emphysema or asthma?
A. Hyperresonance
B. Tympanic
C. Flat
D. Dull
Hyperresonance
unilateral hyperresonance could also indicate a large pneumothorax or large air-filled bulla in lungs (COPD/emphysema)
Which of the follow sounds are you likely to hear in patients with empyema(not a typo) or lobar pneumonia?
A. Hyperresonance
B. Tympanic
C. Flat
D. Dull
Dull
REMEMBER:
fluid is dull
air is resonant
Diaphragmatic excursion iis the distance between the diaphragm during exhalation and inhalation. Which of the following is the normal distance?
A. 1-3cm
B. 3-5 cm
C. 3-5.5 cm
D. 5.5-10 cm
3-5.5 cm
T/F: Assymetry between diaphragmatic excursion could insdicate pleural effusion, damage to phrenic N, or atelectasis.
True
T/F: Chest hair, clothes, gowns can act like adventitious sounds (added sounds) and cause you to erronyously think there’s a respiratory issue going on
True
Adventitious sounds include:
Stridor, wheezes, crackles
What are the 4 common causes of stridor? Generally an inspiratory sound, but could be expiratory or biphasic.
Croup
Epiglottitis
Upper Airway foreign body
Anaphylaxis
CEAU
Which of the following is true of wheezing?
A. generally an inspiratory sound caused by narrowing in the upper airway
B. generally an expiratory sound caused by rapid airflow through a narrow bronchial airway
C. An inspiratory sound
D. None of the above
generally an expiratory sound caused by rapid airflow through a narrow bronchial airway
Which of the following is true of crackles?
A. generally an inspiratory sound caused by narrowing in the upper airway
B. generally an expiratory sound caused by rapid airflow through a narrow bronchial airway
C. An inspiratory sound caused by a closed small airway popping open
D. None of the above
An inspiratory sound caused by a closed small airway popping open
NOTE: seen in pneumonia, CHF, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchiectasis, COPD, asthma
Which of the following disorders is Incentive Spirometer most useful?
A. ASthma
B. Emphysema
C. Atelectasis
D. COPD
E. Pneumonia
Atelectasis
Which of the following is considered normal during vocal resonance exams?
A. Spoken words get louder
B. whispered words get louder and clearer during auscultation
C. Words are distinct
D. Words are muffled and indistinct to auscultation
Words are muffled and indistinct to auscultation
distinct words indicate: tumor, pneumonia, effusions
