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PCM II Exam 1 > Assessment of Endocrine Disorders > Flashcards

Assessment of Endocrine Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following disease types inhibits the action of the downstream gland?

A. Primary disease

B. Secondary disease

C. Tertiary Disease

D. Nothing really matters…anyone can see

A

Primary disease

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2
Q

Which of the following disease types indicates a problem with the Pi2itary gland?

A. Primary disease

B. Secondary disease

C. Tertiary Disease

D. Nothing really matters…to mee

A

Secondary disease

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3
Q

Which of the following disease types indicates a problem with the hypothalamus and it’s releasing hormones?

A. Primary disease

B. Secondary disease

C. Tertiary Disease

A

Tertiary Disease

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4
Q

What are the 3 over-arching causes of endocrine dysfunction? (Hint: they each have to do with hormones)

A

Hormone Excess

Hormone Deficicency

Hormone Resistance

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5
Q

Dynamic testing is used to assess endocrine disorders. Which of the following dynamic test type is matched up with the dysfunction?

A. Suppression test: assesses endocrine HYPOfunction

B. Suppression test: assesess endocrine HYPERfunction

C. Stimulation test: assess endocrine HYPOfunction

D. Stimulation test: assesses endocrine HYPERfunction

E. A and D

F. B and C

A

B and C

B. Suppression test: assesess endocrine HYPERfunction

C. Stimulation test: assess endocrine HYPOfunction

“When someone is HYPER, you want to see if you can suppress them”

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6
Q

All of the following are symptoms you might note in a PT’s history with suspected HYPERthyroidism, except?

A. Weight loss

B. Decreased apetite

C. Diaphoresis and heat intolerance

D. Frequent bowel movements

E. Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation)

A

B. Decreased apetite

CORRECT:

Increased apetite

sweaty, skinny, eat a lot, shit a lot

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7
Q

T/F: Grave’s Disease and the initial phase of Hashimoto’s thyroditis can cause hyperthyroidism

A

True

even though Hashimoto’s is a hypothyroid disease, early stages are concurrent with hyperthyroidsim

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8
Q

Which of the following are differential possibilities of Hyperthyroidism?

A. Anxiety

B. Depressed mood

C. High estrogen states

D. Exophthalmos due to orbital tumor

E. All but B

A

All but B

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9
Q

All of the following are common symptoms you would get from a patient’s history, if they have HYPOthyroidism, EXCEPT?

A. Depressed mood

B. Weight gain

C. Brittle hair

D. Dry skin and diminished sweating

E. All the above are actually correct

F. None of the above are actually correct

A

E. All the above are actually correct

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10
Q

Which of the following is a potential cause of HYPOthyroidism? (select all that apply)

A. Deficient pituitary TSH

B. Iodine deficiency

C. Lithium, methimazole, amiodarone, sulfonamides

D. Grave’s disease

A

A. Deficient pituitary TSH

B. Iodine deficiency

C. Lithium, methimazole, amiodarone, sulfonamides

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11
Q

When examining the thyroid you can take an anterior or posterior approach. Describe how to perform the examination from the anterior.

A
  1. have PT flex neck to relax SCM
  2. place fingers of both hands on PTs neck with the index fingers just below cricoid cartilage
  3. have the PT swallow
  4. displace trachea to right and palpate right lobe, and repeat for left lobe
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12
Q

Match the following thyroid findings with the potential thyroid disorder.

Firm, soft, tender

Grave’s Disease

Hashimotos

Thyroiditis

A

Grave’s Disease: soft

Hashimoto’s: firm

Thyroiditis: tender

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13
Q

What is a classic sign that Dr. Tyler wanted us to know is associated with Grave’s Disease?

A

Exophthalamos

Proptosis

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14
Q

What is the phrase Dr. Tyler wanted us to associated with Classic Primary Hyperparathyroidism? (“consider the combined effects of increased calcium and PTH”)

A

Bones, Stones, Abdominal moans, and psychic groans

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15
Q

What is the name of the enzyme expressed in the proximal tubule of the kidney that converts vitamin D to it’s biologically active form?

A. 2-alpha hydroxylase

B. 1-alpha carboxylase

C. 1-alpha hydroxylase

D. 1-beta-hydroxylase

A

1-alpha hydroxylase

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16
Q

When assessing for Hypocalcemia, we were fivven 2 signs that have been “classically associated”. These signs are Trousseau’s Sign and Chvostek’s sign. Describe these 2 signs.

A

Trousseaus: induction of a hand spasm by inflation of a BP cuff; speciifcally adduction of thumb plus some other stuff

Chvostek’s: contraction of face muscle on the ipsilateral side of CN VII anterior to the ear

17
Q

Which of the following has symptoms attributable to hypercalcemia including anorexia, nausea, constipation, polydipsia, and polyuria?

A. Primary Hyperparathyroidism

A

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

18
Q

Which of the following are potential causes of Hyperparathyroidism?

A. Parathyroid adenoma, hyperplasia, or carcinoma

B. MEN syndromes (multiple endocrine neoplasia)

C. Chronic renal failure seen with secondary or tertiary form of HPTH

D. All of the above

A

All of the above

19
Q

Which of the following is a differential consideration of HPTH?

A. FHH and Sarcoidosis

B. Hypothyroidism

C. Bronchitis

D. Skipping every other meal

A

FHH and Sarcoidosis

Vitamin D intoxication

Multiple myeloma

Hypercalcemia of Malignancy

Sarcoidosis

Hyperthyroidism

20
Q

What is the most common cause of HYPOcalcemia?

A. Hyperparathyroidism

B. Hyperthyroidism

C. Hypothyroidism

D. Hypoparathyroidism

E. Low dietary Ca2+ intake

A

Hypoparathyroidism

21
Q

HYpocalcemia would produce which of the following results that could be seen on an ECG?

A. Elevated ST

B. Right axis deviation

C. Prolonged QT interval

D. Short QT interval

A

Prolonged QT interval

Other signs and symptoms can be seen below

22
Q

Which of the following syndromes is assocaited with Hypocalcemia?

A. Downs syndrome

B. DiGeorge Syndrome

C. Hyperthyroidism

D. All of the above

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

DiGeorge, Thyroidectomy, Heriditary Autoimmune syndrome

23
Q

Which of the following is caused by overproduction of cortisol or ingestion of exogenous corticosteroids?

A. Cushing’s syndrome

B. Cushing’s diseaes

C. Adrenal insufficiency

D. None of the above

A

Cushing’s syndrome

24
Q

What are the symptoms patients with cushing’s syndrome present with?

A

Hypertension

Central obesity

Weakness

EAsy brusiing

Hirsutism (excessive hair)

Striae

Depression

BUFFAL HUMP

25
Q

What are the differential consideration in Cushing’s? (Hint: CAP DOOD)

A

Chronic alcoholism

Anorexia (w/ high urinary cortisol)

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Diabetes Mellitus

Obesity

Osteroporosis

Depression

26
Q

Hyperpigmentation, weakness, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, hypotension, salt craving, and syncope are all associated clinical manifestations of which of the following?

A. Cushing’s Disease

B. Cushing’s syndrome

C. Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s)

D. None of the above

A

Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s)

27
Q

HYpotension (acute shock), Hyperkalemia (w/ renal failure), Occult Cancer, SIADH, cirrhosis and abdominal pain. Are the differential considerations for which of the following issues?

A. Hyperthyroidism

B. Diabetes Mellitus Type I

C. Adrenal insufficiency

D. Cushing’s syndrome

A

Adrenal insufficiency

the answer is obvious because of where we are in the FCs, but try to remember the differentials that pop up

28
Q

T/F: Hypopituitarism due to sellar mass often have headaches, vision loss, or diplopia

A

True

29
Q

Which of the following would you most likely find in PTs with Primary Hyporthyroidism?

A. High TSH, low thyroid hormone

B. High TSH, low FT4

C. Low TSH, high FT4

D. Low TSH, normal FT4, high FT3

A

High TSH, low FT4

30
Q

Which of the following would you most likely find in PTs with Toxicosis?

A. High TSH, low thyroid hormone

B. High TSH, low FT4

C. Low TSH, high FT4

D. Low TSH, normal FT4, high FT3

A

Low TSH, normal FT4, high FT3

PCM II Exam 1 (9 decks)

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