Lower Respiratory

Question 1

Bronchitis

Answer 1

Acute = cough <3w
think bacterial if high fever
DDs: pneumonia (watch for systemic symptoms)

Most common, prolonged symptom is productive cough

DDs if >3w: GERD, asthma

Question 2

Pneumonia

Answer 2

Causative agents: strep pneumonia (very young or very old, can kill), mycoplasma pneumonia (walking pneumonia) or c. Pneumonia

S/S: systemic, fever, malaise, myalgia, purulent sputum, consolidation (lungs don’t clear w/ cough), tachypnea, tachycardia

Tx:

Question 3

Emphysema

Answer 3

constant dyspnea, old age, minimal sputum, thin body, increased chest AP diameter d/t lung hyperinflation

Question 4

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 4

copious purulent sputum, obese, cough, elevated hematocrit

Dx: thorough hx and physical

Question 5

TB or Cancer Symptoms

Answer 5

Night sweats, weight loss

Question 6

TB

Answer 6

Dx: 3 positive sputum cultures ,

acid-fast bacilli smear if only presumptive

Question 7

CF

Answer 7

usually dx before 9yo, 2/3 by 1yo