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Foundations > Lower limb muscles > Flashcards

Lower limb muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectineus

Origin

A

Pecten pubis and superior ramus of the pubis

Part of anterior and medial thigh

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2
Q

Pectineus

Insertion

A

Pectineal line of the femur

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3
Q

Pectineus

Action

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh

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4
Q

Pectineus

Innervation

A

Femoral n. and obturator n.

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5
Q

Pectineus

Blood supply

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery,

obturator artery

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6
Q

Iliopsoas

Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: Iliac fossa and TP and bodies of vertebrae T12–L5 (psoas major)

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur

(Part of anterior thigh)

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7
Q

Iliopsoas

Action

A

Flexes the thigh

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8
Q

Iliopsoas

Innervation

A

Femoral n.

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9
Q

Sartorius

Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial surface of the proximal tibia (at pes anserinus)

(Part of anterior thigh)

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10
Q

Iliopsoas

Blood supply

A

Iliolumbar artery

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11
Q

Sartorius

Action

A

Flexes and laterally rotates the thigh, flexes and medially rotates the leg

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12
Q

Sartorius

Innervation

A

Femoral n.

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13
Q

Tensor fasciae lata (TFL)

Origin

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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14
Q

Tensor fasciae lata (TFL)

Insertion

A

Iliotibial tract

Part of anterior thigh, gluteal region

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15
Q

Sartorius

Blood supply

A

Femoral artery

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16
Q

Tensor fasciae lata (TFL)

Innervation

A

Nerve: Superior gluteal n.

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17
Q

Rectus femoris

Origin

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Part of anterior thigh, part of quadriceps femoris

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18
Q

Rectus femoris

Insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity

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19
Q

Rectus femoris

Action

A

Flexes the thigh and extends the leg

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20
Q

Tensor fasciae lata (TFL)

Blood supply

A

Ascending branch

of lateral circumflex femoral artery

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21
Q

Vastus medialis

Origin

A

Medial lip of the linea aspera and intertrochanteric line

Part of anterior thigh, part of quadriceps femoris

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22
Q

Vastus medialis

Insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity

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23
Q

Vastus medialis

Action

A

Extends the leg

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24
Q

Vastus medialis

Innervation

A

Femoral n.

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25
Q

Rectus femoris

Blood supply

A

Profunda femoris
and lateral circumflex
femoral arteries

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26
Q

Vastus lateralis

Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: Lateral lip of the linea aspera and greater trochanter
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity

(Part of anterior thigh, part of quadriceps femoris)

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27
Q

Vastus lateralis

Action

A

Extends the leg

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28
Q

Vastus lateralis

Innervation

A

Femoral n.

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29
Q

Vastus intermedius

Origin

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur

Part of anterior thigh, part of quadriceps femoris

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30
Q

Vastus medialis

Blood supply

A

Femoral and

profunda femoris arteries

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31
Q

Vastus intermedius

Action

A

Extends the leg

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32
Q

Vastus intermedius

Innervation

A

Femoral n.

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33
Q

Vastus lateralis

Blood supply

A

Lateral circumflex
femoral and profunda
femoris arteries

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34
Q

Vastus intermedius

Blood supply

A

Lateral circumflex
femoral and profunda
femoris arteries

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35
Q

Gracilis

Origin

A

Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus

Part of medial thigh

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36
Q

Gracilis

Insertion

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

at pes anserinus

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37
Q

Gracilis

Action

A

Adducts the thigh; flexes and internally rotates the leg

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38
Q

Gracilis

Innervation

A

Obturator n.

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39
Q

Adductor longus

Origin

A

Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

Part of medial thigh

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40
Q

Adductor longus

Insertion

A

Middle third of linea aspera

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41
Q

Gracilis

Blood supply

A

Profunda femoris
artery, medial circumflex
femoral artery

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42
Q

Adductor longus

Innervation

A

Obturator n.

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43
Q

Adductor brevis

Origin

A

Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus

Part of medial thigh

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44
Q

Adductor brevis

Insertion

A

Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera

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45
Q

Adductor brevis

Action

A

Adducts the thigh

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46
Q

Pectineus

Blood supply

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery,

obturator artery

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47
Q

Adductor magnus

Origin

A

Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

Part of medial thigh

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48
Q

Adductor magnus

Insertion

A

Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of the femur

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49
Q

Adductor magnus

Action

A

Adducts and extends the thigh

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50
Q

Adductor magnus

Innervation

A

Adductor part: Obturator n.

Hamstring part: Tibial division of the sciatic n.

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51
Q

Adductor longus

Blood supply

A

Profunda femoris

and medial circumflex femoral arteries

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52
Q

Obturator externus

Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: External margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur

(Part of medial thigh)

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53
Q

Obturator externus

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

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54
Q

Obturator externus

Innervation

A

Obturator n.

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55
Q

Adductor brevis

Blood supply

A

Profunda femoris,
medial circumflex femoral, and
obturator arteries

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56
Q

Adductor magnus

Blood supply

A

Femoral, profunda

femoris, and obturator arteries

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57
Q

Obturator externus

Blood supply

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery,

obturator artery

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58
Q

Gluteus maximus

Origin

A
  • Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
  • Dorsal surface of the sacrum and coccyx
  • Sacrotuberous ligament

(A Gluteal region muscle)

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59
Q

Gluteus maximus

Insertion

A

Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

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60
Q

Gluteus maximus

Action

A

Extends and laterally rotates the thigh

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61
Q

Gluteus maximus

Innervation

A

Inferior gluteal n.

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62
Q

Gluteus medius

Origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines and gluteal fascia

(A Gluteal region muscle)

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63
Q

Gluteus medius

Insertion

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of the femur

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64
Q

Gluteus medius

Action

A

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

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65
Q

Gluteus medius

Innervation

A

Superior gluteal n.

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66
Q

Gluteus minimus

Origin

A

Lateral surface of the ilium between the anterior gluteal and inferior gluteal lines

(A Gluteal region muscle)

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67
Q

Gluteus minimus

Insertion

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of the femur

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68
Q

Gluteus minimus

Action

A

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

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69
Q

Gluteus minimus

Innervation

A

Superior gluteal n.

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70
Q

Piriformis

Origin

A

Anterior surface of the sacrum

A Gluteal region muscle

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71
Q

Gluteus maximus

Blood supply

A
  • Inferior gluteal arteries mainly

- superior gluteal arteries occasionally

72
Q

Piriformis

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

73
Q

Piriformis

Innervation

A

Anterior rami of S1 and S2

74
Q

Obturator internus

Origin

A

Internal margin of the obturator foramen and inner surface of the obturator membrane

(A Gluteal region muscle)

75
Q

Obturator internus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of the femur

76
Q

Gluteus medius

Blood supply

A

Superior gluteal artery

77
Q

Obturator internus

Innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

78
Q

Superior gemellus

Origin

A

Ischial spine

A Gluteal region muscle

79
Q

Superior gemellus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of the femur and obturator internus tendon

80
Q

Superior gemellus

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

81
Q

Gluteus minimus

Blood supply

A

Main trunk and deep

branch of superior gluteal artery

82
Q

Inferior gemellus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

A Gluteal region muscle

83
Q

Inferior gemellus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of the femur (lateral) and obturator internus tendon

84
Q

Inferior gemellus

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

85
Q

Inferior gemellus

Innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

86
Q

Piriformis

Blood supply

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries,

internal pudendal artery

87
Q

Quadratus femoris

Origin and Insertion

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Quadrate tubercle

(A gluteal region muscle)

88
Q

Quadratus femoris

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

89
Q

Quadratus femoris

Innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

90
Q

Obturator internus

Blood supply

A

Internal pudendal and obturator

arteries

91
Q

Superior gemellus

Blood supply

A

Inferior gluteal and

internal pudendal arteries

92
Q

Inferior gemellus

Blood supply

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery

93
Q

Quadratus femoris

Blood supply

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery

94
Q

Biceps femoris

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity (long head)

Lateral lip of the linea aspera of femur (short head)

(Posterior thigh muscle)

95
Q

Biceps femoris

Insertion

A

Head of the fibula

96
Q

Biceps femoris

Action

A

Extends the thigh (only long head) and flexes the leg

97
Q

Biceps femoris

Innervation

A

Long head: Tibial division of the sciatic n.

Short head: common fibular division of the sciatic n.

98
Q

Biceps femoris

Blood supply

A

Perforating branches of profunda femoris, inferior gluteal, and medial
circumflex femoral arteries

99
Q

Semitendinosus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

Posterior thigh muscle

100
Q

Semitendinosus

Insertion

A

Medial surface of the superior part of the tibia

at pes anserinus, common tendon

101
Q

Semitendinosus

Innervation

A

Tibial division of the sciatic n.

102
Q

Semimembranosus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

103
Q

Semitendinosus

Blood supply

A

Perforating branch of profunda femoris and

medial circumflex femoral arteries

104
Q

Semimembranosus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

Posterior thigh muscle

105
Q

Semimembranosus

Innervation

A

Tibial division of the sciatic n.

106
Q

Popliteus

Origin

A

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

107
Q

Popliteus

Insertion

A

Posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line

108
Q

Semimembranosus

Blood supply

A

Perforating branch of profunda

femoris and medial circumflex femoral arteries

109
Q

Popliteus

Origin

A

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

(Posterior thigh, deep posterior leg muscle)

110
Q

Popliteus

Blood supply

A

Inferior medial and

lateral genicular arteries

111
Q

Gastrocnemius

Origin

A

Superior to the lateral and medial femoral condyles

Superficial muscle of posterior leg

112
Q

Gastrocnemius

Insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

113
Q

Gastrocnemius

Action

A

Plantar flexes the foot and flexes the knee

114
Q

Gastrocnemius

Innervation

115
Q

Soleus

Origin

A

Soleal line of the tibia and head of the fibula

Superficial muscle of posterior leg

116
Q

Soleus

Insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

117
Q

Soleus

Action

A

Plantar flexes the foot

118
Q

Gastrocnemius

Blood supply

A

Popliteal and posterior tibial

arteries

119
Q

Plantaris

Origin

A

Lateral supracondylar line of the femur

120
Q

Plantaris

Insertion

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

121
Q

Plantaris

Action

A

Plantar flexes the foot and flexes the knee

122
Q

Plantaris

Innervation

123
Q

Soleus

Blood supply

A

Popliteal, posterior tibial, and fibular

arteries

124
Q

Tibialis posterior

Insertion

A

Navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and bases of metatarsals 2–4

125
Q

Tibialis posterior

Action

A

Inverts and plantarflexes the foot

126
Q

Tibialis posterior

Innervation

127
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Origin

A

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to the soleal line

128
Q

Plantaris

Blood supply

A

Popliteal artery

129
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Action

A

Flexes toes 2–5 and plantarflexes the foot

130
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Innervation

131
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Origin

A

Inferior two-thirds of the fibula and interosseous membrane

132
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Insertion

A

Base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

133
Q

Tibialis posterior

Blood supply

A

Fibular artery

134
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Innervation

135
Q

Fibularis longus

Origin

A

Head and superior two-thirds of lateral surface of fibula

Lateral leg muscle

136
Q

Fibularis longus

Insertion

A

Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

137
Q

Fibularis longus

Action

A

Evert and plantarflex the foot

138
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Blood supply

A

Posterior tibial artery

139
Q

Fibularis brevis

Origin

A

Inferior two-thirds of lateral surface of fibula

lateral leg muscle

140
Q

Fibularis brevis

Insertion

A

Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone

141
Q

Fibularis brevis

Action

A

Evert and plantarflex the foot

142
Q

Fibularis brevis

Innervation

A

Superficial fibular n.

143
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Blood supply

A

Fibular artery

144
Q

Tibialis anterior

Insertion

A

Base of first metatarsal and medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform

145
Q

Tibialis anterior

Action

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

146
Q

Tibialis anterior

Innervation

A

Deep fibular n.

147
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Origin

A

Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

(anterior leg muscle)

148
Q

Fibularis longus

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial and fibular arteries

149
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Action

A

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes foot

150
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Innervation

A

Deep fibular n.

151
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin

A

Lateral condyle of tibia and superior three-fourths of anterior surface of interosseous membrane

152
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Insertion

A

Extensor expansion to distal phalanges of lateral four digits

153
Q

Fibularis brevis

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial and fibular arteries

154
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Innervation

A

Deep fibular n.

155
Q

Fibularis tertius

Origin

A

Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

156
Q

Fibularis tertius

Insertion

A

Dorsum of base of fifth metatarsal

157
Q

Fibularis tertius

Action

A

Dorsiflexes and everts foot

158
Q

Tibialis anterior

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial artery

159
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial artery

160
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial artery

161
Q

Fibularis tertius

Blood supply

A

Anterior tibial artery

162
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

Origin

A

Calcaneus, floor of the tarsal sinus

dorsal foot muscle

163
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

Insertion

A

Extensor expansions of digits 2–5

164
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

Action

A

Extends digits

165
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

Innervation

A

Deep fibular n.

166
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

Origin

A

Calcaneus, floor of the tarsal sinus

167
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

Insertion

A

Extensor expansion of digit 1

168
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

Action

A

Extends great toe

169
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

Innervation

A

Deep fibular n.

170
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

Blood supply

A

Dorsalis pedis, lateral tarsal, arcuate, and

fibular arteries

171
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

Blood supply

A

Dorsalis pedis, lateral tarsal,

arcuate, and fibular arteries

176
Q

Obturator internus

Origin

A

Internal margin of the obturator foramen and inner surface of the obturator membrane

177
Q

Obturator internus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter of the femur

178
Q

Obturator internus

Action

A

Laterally rotates the thigh

179
Q

Obturator internus

Innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

Foundations (9 decks)

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