Lower limb bones

Question 1

what 2 muscles attach to the lesser trochanter (posterior, medial part of the femur just inferior to the neck shaft line)?

Answer 1

iliacus and psoas major (P-soas major, I-liacus, L-esser, T-rochanter) Piltz Arnold german player-Lesser, not Tall

Question 2

What do you call the ridge of bone on the anterior aspect of the femur that connects the lesser and greater trochanters together?

Answer 2

intertrochanteric line

Question 3

The posterior intertrochanteric crest contains what for the attachment of a specific muscle?

Answer 3

quadrate tubercle-quadratus femoris

Question 4

what type of bone is the patella?

Answer 4

sesamoid

Question 5

what are the 2 roles of the patella?

Answer 5

• allow flexion

- protect the anterior limb from trauma

Question 6

in a patella dislocation, what is the most common direction that the bone displaces? Give 2 ways this occurs.

Answer 6

• lateral movement

- high force impact, twisting of the knee

Question 7

give 2 ways the patella can fracture.

Answer 7

• direct trauma

- sudden contraction of the quadriceps

Question 8

where does the patella ligament attach to?

Answer 8

tibial tuberosity

Question 9

what border of the tibia gives attachment to the interosseous membrane?

Answer 9

lateral border

Question 10

what line is apparent on the posterior surface of the tibia and what muscle attaches here?

Answer 10

soleal line-soleus muscle

Question 11

what bony projection on the tibia articulates with the tarsal bones to form part of the ankle joint?

Answer 11

medial malleolus

Question 12

what is the name of the notch on the distal oart of the tibia that articulates with the bottom of the fibular?

Answer 12

fibular notch

Question 13

how is the medial malleolus fractured?

Answer 13

over inversion and talus of foot forces against malleolus

Question 14

does the fibula articulate with the humerus at the knee joint?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

proximally, where on the tibia does the fibula articulate?

Answer 15

lateral condyle

Question 16

what can be found on the posteriolateral surface of the proximal fibula?

Answer 16

common fibula nerve

Question 17

which malleoulus is more prominent?

Answer 17

lateral

Question 18

what is the most superior bone of the foot called?

Answer 18

talus

Question 19

name the 3 articulations that the talus has with other structures.

Answer 19

• bones of leg
• subtalar joint with calcaneus
• talonavicular joint with navicular

Question 20

name the 2 articulations that the calcaneus has with other structures.

Answer 20

• subtalar joint with talus

- calcaneocuboid joint with cuboid

Question 21

what is the significance of the achilles calcaneal tuberosity?

Answer 21

site of attachment for achilles tendon

Question 22

what is the significance of the navicular tuberosity on the plantar surface of the foot?

Answer 22

site of attachemnt for posterior tibialis tendon

Question 23

what is the significance of the cuboid on the plantar surface of the foot?

Answer 23

attachment of fibularis longus

Question 24

which 2 bones of the foot are most frequently fractured?

Answer 24

calcaneus and talus

Question 25

in a talus fracture, why is there little displacement of the fragments?

Answer 25

malleoli act to hold them in place

Question 26

what is significant about a neck fracture of the talus bone? How does it occur?

Answer 26

avascular necrosis may occur

excessive dorsiflexion

Question 27

what is the most common way the calcaneus is fractured? What is the name of the fracture and why?

Answer 27

falling on a heel forces calcaneus into talus

-comminuted (bone breaks into several pieces)

Question 28

what is common with the subtalar joint after a calcaneus fracture?

Answer 28

arthritis