lower limb areas

Question 1

what is the superior border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 1

inguinal ligament

Question 2

what is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 2

medial border of sartorius muscle

Question 3

what is the medial border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 3

medial border of adductor longus

Question 4

what forms the roof of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

fascia lata

Question 5

what forms the floor of the femoral triangle? 3 muscles

Answer 5

pectineus
iliopsoas
adductor longus

Question 6

what doe sthe inguinal ligament act as to support the femoral traingle contents, during flexion at the hip?

Answer 6

flexor retinaculum

Question 7

Name the contents of the femoral triangle and give the name of the pneumonic that helps.

Answer 7

• NAVEL (lat to med)

- femoral nerve,artery,vein,empty space, lymph canal

Question 8

what 3 structures are found within the femoral sheath?

Answer 8

artery,vein,lymph canal

Question 9

Name 2 procedures that are carried out through peircing of the femoral artery.

Answer 9

• coronary angiography (long thin tube fed up to coronary arteries, dye injected and xray shows up)
• ABG (arterial blood gases-see %of o2 and co2

Question 10

what happens in a femoral hernia?

Answer 10

part of the bowel pushes into femoral canal, underneath inguinal ligament

Question 11

the femoral triangle contains an opening or what vessel? What is this opening called?

Answer 11

• great saphenous vein

- saphenous opening

Question 12

What structures make up the borders of the femoral canal?

Answer 12

• posterior-pectineus muscle, pectineal ligament and superior rami of pubis
• antterior-inguinal ligament
• medial-lacunar ligament
• lateral-femoral vein

Question 13

what is the opening of the femoral canal called?

Answer 13

femoral ring

Question 14

what is the femoral ring surrounded by?

Answer 14

connective tissue layer-femoral septum

Question 15

what 3 things does the femoral canal contain?

Answer 15

• empty space
• lymphatic vessels
• loose connective tissue

Question 16

what is the point of the empty space?

Answer 16

allows for distension of the femoral vein when increased venous return occurs or abdominal pressure increases

Question 17

what do you call a hernia with a compromised blood supply?

Answer 17

strangulated hernia

Question 18

Name the 3 borders of the adductor canal (medial side of thigh starting from apex of femoral triangle). Anterior, lateral, medial

Answer 18

anterior-sartorius
lateral-vastus medialis
medial-adductor longus and magnus

Question 19

what is the apex of the adductor canal marked by?

Answer 19

adductor hiatus

Question 20

name the 4 contents of the adductor canal.

Answer 20

femoral artery
femoral vein
nerve to vastus medialis
saphenous nerve (cutaneous branch of femoral nerve)

Question 21

what do the femoral artery and vein become as they leave the adductor canal?

Answer 21

popliteal artery and vein

Question 22

where is local anaesthetic administered to perform an adductor canal block?

Answer 22

saphenous nerve and sometimes nerve to vastus medialis

Question 23

what happens in adductor canal compression syndrome?

Answer 23

contents of the neurovascular bundle are entrapped by hypertrophy of the vastus medialis muscle

Question 24

what shape do the borders of the popliteal fossa make uo?

Answer 24

diamond

Question 25

what makes up the superiomedial border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 25

SMS- SuperiorMedial Semimembranosus

Question 26

what makes up the inferiomedial border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 26

MIM-medial head of gastrocnemius

Question 27

what makes up the superiolateral border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 27

BLS (like BLT sandwich)-Biceps femoris

Question 28

what makes up the inferiolateral border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 28

LIL-lateral head of gastrocnemius and plantaris

Question 29

what makes up the roof of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 29

popliteal fascia, fascia lata and skin

Question 30

what makes up the floor of popliteal fossa?

Answer 30

knee joint capsule, femur bone

Question 31

what are the contents of the popliteal fossa? lat to medial

Answer 31

CANT TRY POPPING PUS (common fibular nerve, tibial nerve, popliteal vein, popliteal artery)

Question 32

what 2 structures in the popliteal fossa are the most superficial and what are they the branches of?

Answer 32

• common fibular anf tibial nerve

- sciatic nerve

Question 33

what tendon does the common fibular nerve follow?

Answer 33

-biceps femoris tendon

Question 34

what is the path of the small saphenous vein through the popliteal fossa?

Answer 34

pierces the popliteal fascia to enter the popliteal fossa and drain into the popliteal vein

Question 35

what is the popliteal artery a continuation of? Is it deep superficial or middle?

Answer 35

femoral artery

deepest structure

Question 36

what is a bakers cyst a swelling of and what is it in conjuction with?

Answer 36

semimembranosus bursa

arthritis of both forms

Question 37

what can a ruptured cyst produce similar symptoms with?

Answer 37

deep vein thrombosis

Question 38

what feature of the popliteal fossa means that the popliteal artery aneurysm causes harm to other structures?

Answer 38

popliteal fascia is touch and non extensible

Question 39

what structure is particularly susceptible from a popliteal artery aneurysm and what happens as a result?

Answer 39

tibial nerve-anesthesia and los of motor function in the leg

Question 40

what 2 ways can you detect an aneurysm in the popliteal fossa?

Answer 40

palpable pulse

arterial sounds