Lower Limb Anatomy Flashcards
What are the three functions of the lower limb?
Locomotion
Support
Balance
What are the 6 regions of the lower limb?
Gluteal Femoral Knee Leg Ankle Foot
What four bones make up the pelvis?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Sacrum
What is the position of the ilium?
Links to the sacrum and extends down to the top of the acetabulum.
What is the position of the ischium?
Forms the posterior inferior part of the pelvis. Links with the pubis to make the obturator foramen.
What is the position of the pubis?
Forms the anterior inferior part of the pelvis. Links with the pubis to make the obturator foramen. Each side is linked by the pubic symphysis.
What is the acetabulum?
The dip into which the head of the femur slots.
Name six points of interest on the ilium.
Iliac fossa Iliac crest Anterior Superior Iliac Spine Posterior Superior Iliac Spine Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine Wing of ilium
Name three points of interest on the pubis.
Pubic crest
Pubic tubercle
Pubic body
What links pubic bones?
Pubic Symphysis
What are the two foramen in the pelvis called?
Pelvic cavity
Obturator foramen
From what levels does the sciatic nerve arise?
L4-S3
What does the sciatic nerve branch into?
Tibial and Common Fibular Nerves
What does the sciatic nerve supply?
Posterior thigh, all leg and foot.
What are the four bones found in the thigh and leg regions?
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Name eight major features of the femur.
Head Greater Trochanter Lesser Trochanter Lateral condyle Medial condyle Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Adductor tubercle
Name five major features of the tibia.
Lateral Tibial condyle Medial tibial condyle Intercondylar eminence Tuberosity Medial malleolus
Name one major feature of the fibula.
Lateral malleolus
What is a condyle?
Part of a bone that articulates
What is an epicondyle?
A bone protrusion that is above the condyle.
What two bones make up the hip joint?
Femur and pelvis
What three ligaments encapsule the hip joint?
Iliofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
What arteries supply the hip joint?
Lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries
Acetabular branch of the obturator artery
Where do the circumflex femoral arteries arise from?
Deep femoral artery