Lower Limb

Question 1

Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 1

Deep fibular nerve

Question 2

Which nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 2

Tibial nerve

Question 3

Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 3

Superficial fibular

Question 4

Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 4

Femoral nerve

Question 5

Which nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 5

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Except hamstring part of adductor magnus- this is tibial nerve

Question 6

Which nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 6

Sciatic nerve
All tibial part except:
Except short head of biceps femoris (common fibular part of sciatic nerve)

Question 7

What is the origin of biceps femoris (long head), semitendinosus and semimembrenosus?

Answer 7

Ischial tuberosity

Question 8

Where does the biceps femoris (long and short head) insert?

Answer 8

Head of fibula

Question 9

What is the role of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 9

Plantar flexion

Question 10

What is the role of muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 10

Dorsiflexion

Question 11

What is the role of muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 11

Foot eversion

Question 12

What is the role of muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 12

Extend knee

Question 13

What is the role of muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 13

Adduct thigh

Also flexes thigh and medially rotates

Question 14

What is the role of muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 14

Flexion at knee

Question 15

Where do gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus insert?

Answer 15

Calcaneal tendon

Question 16

What is the origin of each gastrocnemius head?

Answer 16

Medial head: Medial condyle of femur

Lat head: Lat condyle of femur

Question 17

What is the origin of plantaris?

Answer 17

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

Question 18

What is the origin of soleus?

Answer 18

Soleal line on tibia

Question 19

What nerve innervates soleus?

Answer 19

Tibial nerve

Question 20

Where do adductor longus, adductor brevis and adductor magnus (adductor part) insert?

Answer 20

Linea aspera on femur

Question 21

Where do the muscles of the medial thigh compartment originate from?

Answer 21

Body/ inferior rami of pubis

Question 22

Where do rectus femoris and the three vastus muscles insert?

Answer 22

Patella via quadriceps tendon

Question 23

What is the origin and insertion of sartorius?

Answer 23

ASIS to sup/medial tibia

Question 24

What is the origin and insertion of obturator externus?

Answer 24

Obturator foreamen to greater trochanter (femur)

Question 25

What is the origin and insertion of semitendinosus?

Answer 25

Ischial tuberosity to medial surface of tibia

Question 26

What is the origin and insertion of semimembrinosus?

Answer 26

Ischial tuberosity to medial tibial condyle

Question 27

What is the origin and insertion of popliteus?

Answer 27

Post surface tibia to lateral femur condyle

Question 28

What is the origin and insertion of tibialis posterior?

Answer 28

Interosseus membrane to Plantar side of medial tarsal bones

Question 29

What is the origin and insertion of tibialis anterior?

Answer 29

Lateral tibia to Medial cuniform bone

Question 30

Which muscles make up the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 30

Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis

Question 31

What nerve supplies the fibularis longus muscle?

Answer 31

Superficial fibula nerve

Question 32

Where do 7 of the 8 gluteal muscles insert, which is the odd one out?

Answer 32

Attach on greater trochanter of femur | Quadratus femoris odd one out- goes to intertrochanteric crest

Question 33

What is the origin and insertion of piriformis?

Answer 33

O: Ant sacrum I: Greater trochanter of femur

Question 34

What nerve supplies the sup and inf gemelli?

Answer 34

Sup: Nerve to obturator internus Inf: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 35

What is the origin and insertion of quadratus femoris?

Answer 35

From ischial tuberosity to quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric line femur

Question 36

What is the action of the deep gluteal muscles?

Answer 36

Lateral rotation and abduction of thigh

Question 37

What is the action of gluteus maximus?

Answer 37

Extends and lat rotates the thigh

Question 38

What is the action of gluteus medius/ minimus?

Answer 38

Abduct and medially rotate thigh

Question 39

Which nerve supplies gluteus maximus?

Answer 39

Inf gluteal nerve

Question 40

Which nerve supplies gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 40

Sup gluteal nerve

Question 41

What is the origin and insertion of obturator internus?

Answer 41

From pubis and ischium at obturator foramen to Greater trochanter of femur

Question 42

Where do all the tendons of the posterior leg compartment cross in the ankle?

Answer 42

Behind medial malleolus Tom Dick and very nervous harry (Tib post, flex Digitorum, (post tibial) Art, Vein, Nerve, flexor Hallicus)

Question 43

Which nerve innervates iliacus?

Answer 43

Femoral nerve

Question 44

Which are the two main hip flexor muscles (and there O/I's)

Answer 44

Iliacus (wing of inner ilieum to lesser trochanter) | Psoas (L1-L5 to lesser trochanter)

Question 45

Which artery supplies the lateral lower leg?

Answer 45

Fibular artery

Question 46

What are the branches of the popliteal artery?

Answer 46

``` Ant tibial Post tibial (gives of fibular branch) then becomes dorsalis pedis once in foot ```

Question 47

Which artery supplies the head and neck of the femur?

Answer 47

Medial circumflex artery (from femoral) | In break of femur (at neck) this one usually damaged

Question 48

The extensor and flexor hallicus muscles both originate from which bone?

Answer 48

Fibula

Question 49

Which nerve innervates popliteus?

Answer 49

Tibial

Question 50

What are the origins and insertions of the adductor longus, brevis and magnus muscles?

Answer 50

O: Inf ramus and body of pubis I: Linea aspera

Question 51

What are the origins of vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis?

Answer 51

Medialis: From medial femur Intermedius: From ant femur Lateralis: From greater trochanter of femur

Question 52

In which directions do the greater and lesser trochanters point in the femur?

Answer 52

Greater: Projects laterally (and sup) Lesser: projects posteriorly (and inf)

Question 53

What is the origin and insertion of gracilis?

Answer 53

O: Body of pubis I: Medial tibia

Question 54

Where do obturator internus and externus insert?

Answer 54

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 55

What is the origin of the short head of biceps femoris?

Answer 55

Linea aspera

Question 56

What is the insertation of semitendinosus and semimembrenosus?

Answer 56

Medial tibial condyle

Question 57

Where does the femoral artery become the popliteal?

Answer 57

After the adductor hiatus

Question 58

What are the shapes of the two menisci?

Answer 58

Lat: Circular Med: C shaped

Question 59

From lateral to medial what are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 59

Common fibular nerve Tibial nerve Popliteal vein Popliteal artery (deepest)

Question 60

What forms the floor and roof of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 60

Floor: Post knee capsule Roof: Fascia and skin

Question 61

What forms the superior medial border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 61

Semimembrenosus

Question 62

What forms the superior lateral border of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 62

Biceps femoris

Question 63

What forms the infromedial and infrolateral borders of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 63

Gastrocnemius (med and lat heads)

Question 64

Name the 4 ligaments of the knee?

Answer 64

Anterior cruciate Posterior cruciate Lateral collateral Medial collateral