Lower limb 1 Flashcards
what are the 4 heads of the quadriceps and what is their nerve supply?
femoral nerve
- rectus femoris
- vastus medialis
- vastus intermedius
- vastus longus
what is the nerve supply of the tensor fasciae latae ?
superior gluteal nerve
what are the hamstring muscles and their nerve innervation?
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranousus
- sciatic nerve
what are the adductors of the thigh and their nerve supply?
adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus gracillis obturator externa
- obturator nerve
what is the nerve supply of the pectineus muscle?
femoral nerve
what is the nerve supply of the piriformis muscle?
superior gluteal nerve
what are the muscles of the posterior hip?
gluteus maximus - IGN gluteus medius - SGN gluteus minimus - SGN obturator - obturator nerve superior and inferior gemmeli - obturator nerve piriformis - SGN
what are the actions of the sartorius muscle and what is its nerve supply?
femoral nerve
flexes, abducts and laterally rotates the leg
flexes the knee
to what point does the patellar ligament attach to distally?
tibial tuberosity
what superficial vein runs anterior and which one runs posterior?
anterior = great saphenous vein posterior = short saphenous vein
what are the 2 main lymph groups in the lower limbs?
superficial inguinal group of lymph nodes (upper and lower group)
popliteal group of lymph nodes
what is the dermatomal region of the medial knee?
L3
what is the dermatomal region of the big and little toes?
S1 - little toe
L5 - big toe
what is the dermatomal region of the upper and lower parts of the thigh ?
L2 - upper
L3 - lower
what is the dermatomal region of the heel?
S1
what ring of cartilage surrounds the cavity of the hip joint?
acetabular labrum
what are the ligaments of the pelvic girdle?
illiofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral
what are the extensors of the thigh?
gluteus maximus
hamstrings; (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris)
adductor magnus
what are the flexors of the thigh?
rectus femoris (quadricep)
iliacus
psoas major
pectineus
what are the medial rotators of the hips?
tensor fasciae latae
gluteus medius and minimus
adductor brevis, longus and magnus
pectineus
where is the adductor hiatus located and what structures pass through it?
distal femur - between the the femur and ligament of adductor magnus
- saphenous nerve
- femoral artery and vein
- descending vehicular artery
what surface features can be used to locate the femoral artery?
mid inguinal point
mid way between the pubic symphysis and anterior superior iliac spine
what artery supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh and what is this a branch of?
profunda femoral artery
branch of the femoral artery
what are the contents of the adductor canal?
nerve to the vastus medialis
saphenous nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
what are the contents of the femoral canal?
femoral artery and vein
what are the 2 main branches of the lumbar plexus?
femoral nerve
obturator nerve
what compartment of the thigh does the obturator and femoral nerves supply?
femoral = anterior obturator = medial sciatic = posterior
what is the iliotibial tract?
the tendon continuation of the tensor fascia lata on the lateral side of the thigh
what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?
prevents hyperextension of the hip
what is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?
prevents hyperextension and excessive internal rotation of the hip
what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?
prevents hyperabduction of the hip
what are the actions of the pectinous muscle and what is its nerve supply?
femoral nerve
hip adduction
medially rotates hip
hip flexion
what are the actions of the tensor fasciae latae?
acts in synergy with the gluteus medius and minimum to abduct and medially rotate thigh
