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MSK anatomy > Lower limb 1 > Flashcards

Lower limb 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 heads of the quadriceps and what is their nerve supply?

A

femoral nerve

  • rectus femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius
  • vastus longus
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2
Q

what is the nerve supply of the tensor fasciae latae ?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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3
Q

what are the hamstring muscles and their nerve innervation?

A

biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranousus

  • sciatic nerve
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4
Q

what are the adductors of the thigh and their nerve supply?

A 
adductor longus 
adductor brevis 
adductor magnus 
gracillis 
obturator externa
  • obturator nerve
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5
Q

what is the nerve supply of the pectineus muscle?

A

femoral nerve

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6
Q

what is the nerve supply of the piriformis muscle?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

what are the muscles of the posterior hip?

A 
gluteus maximus - IGN
gluteus medius - SGN
gluteus minimus - SGN
obturator - obturator nerve 
superior and inferior gemmeli - obturator nerve 
piriformis - SGN
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8
Q

what are the actions of the sartorius muscle and what is its nerve supply?

A

femoral nerve
flexes, abducts and laterally rotates the leg
flexes the knee

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9
Q

to what point does the patellar ligament attach to distally?

A

tibial tuberosity

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10
Q

what superficial vein runs anterior and which one runs posterior?

A 
anterior = great saphenous vein
posterior = short saphenous vein
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11
Q

what are the 2 main lymph groups in the lower limbs?

A

superficial inguinal group of lymph nodes (upper and lower group)
popliteal group of lymph nodes

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12
Q

what is the dermatomal region of the medial knee?

A

L3

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13
Q

what is the dermatomal region of the big and little toes?

A

S1 - little toe

L5 - big toe

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14
Q

what is the dermatomal region of the upper and lower parts of the thigh ?

A

L2 - upper

L3 - lower

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15
Q

what is the dermatomal region of the heel?

A

S1

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16
Q

what ring of cartilage surrounds the cavity of the hip joint?

A

acetabular labrum

17
Q

what are the ligaments of the pelvic girdle?

A

illiofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral

18
Q

what are the extensors of the thigh?

A

gluteus maximus

hamstrings; (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris)

adductor magnus

19
Q

what are the flexors of the thigh?

A

rectus femoris (quadricep)
iliacus
psoas major
pectineus

20
Q

what are the medial rotators of the hips?

A

tensor fasciae latae
gluteus medius and minimus
adductor brevis, longus and magnus
pectineus

21
Q

where is the adductor hiatus located and what structures pass through it?

A

distal femur - between the the femur and ligament of adductor magnus

  • saphenous nerve
  • femoral artery and vein
  • descending vehicular artery
22
Q

what surface features can be used to locate the femoral artery?

A

mid inguinal point

mid way between the pubic symphysis and anterior superior iliac spine

23
Q

what artery supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh and what is this a branch of?

A

profunda femoral artery

branch of the femoral artery

24
Q

what are the contents of the adductor canal?

A

nerve to the vastus medialis
saphenous nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein

25
Q

what are the contents of the femoral canal?

A

femoral artery and vein

26
Q

what are the 2 main branches of the lumbar plexus?

A

femoral nerve

obturator nerve

27
Q

what compartment of the thigh does the obturator and femoral nerves supply?

A 
femoral = anterior
obturator = medial
sciatic = posterior
28
Q

what is the iliotibial tract?

A

the tendon continuation of the tensor fascia lata on the lateral side of the thigh

29
Q

what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?

A

prevents hyperextension of the hip

30
Q

what is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?

A

prevents hyperextension and excessive internal rotation of the hip

31
Q

what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?

A

prevents hyperabduction of the hip

32
Q

what are the actions of the pectinous muscle and what is its nerve supply?

A

femoral nerve

hip adduction
medially rotates hip
hip flexion

33
Q

what are the actions of the tensor fasciae latae?

A

acts in synergy with the gluteus medius and minimum to abduct and medially rotate thigh

MSK anatomy (7 decks)

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