Lower leg and foot Flashcards
Medial plantar n.
Abductor hallicus
Flexor hallicus brevis
Flexor digitorum brevis
First lumbrical
Lateral plantar n.
Abductor digiti minimi
Dorsal interosseous
Plantar interosseous
Lateral three lumbricals
Quadratus plantae
Flexor digit minimi brevis
Adductor hallicus
Deep fibular n.
Fibularis tertius
Tibialis anterior
Extensor Hallicus longus
Extensor digtorum longus
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallicus brevis
Superficial fibular n.
Fibularis brevis
Fibularis longus
Fibularis Brevis
Origin - Lower 1/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion - tuberosity of the base of the 5th metatarsal
Nerve - superficial fibular n.
Artery - fibular a.
Action - plantarflexion and eversion of the foot
Fibularis Longus
Origin - Upper 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion - medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal bone
Nerve - superficial fibular n.
Artery - fibular a.
Action - plantarflexion and eversion of the foot
Fibularis tertius
Origin - distal part of anterior surface of fibula
Insertion - dorsum of the shaft of the 5th metatarsal bone
Nerve - deep fibular n.
Artery - anterior tibial a.
Action - eversion of the foot
Tibialis anterior
Origin - Lateral tibial condyle and upper lateral surface of tibia
Insertion - medial side of first cuneiform and first metatarsal
Nerve - deep fibular n.
Artery - anterior tibial a.
Action - dorsiflex and invert the foot
Extensor hallicus longus
Origin - middle half of the anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion - base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
Nerve - deep fibular n.
Artery - anterior tibial a.
Action - extend the first digit at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin - Lateral condyle of the tibia, anterior surface of the fibula, and lateral portion of the interosseous membrane
Insertion - dorsum of the lateral 4 toes
Nerve - deep fibular n.
Artery - anterior tibial a.
Action - extend the lateral 4 toes at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Gastrocnemius
Origin - Lateral head: lateral condyle of the femur
Medial head: medial condyle of the femur
Insertion - Dorsum of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Nerve - tibial n. (S1-S2)
Artery - posterior tibial a, lateral and medial sural a.
Action - plantarflexion and flex the leg
Soleus
Origin - Soleal line of the tibia, posterior surface of the head and upper shaft of the fibula
Insertion - Dorsum of the calcaneous via the calcaneal tendon
Nerve - tibial n. (S1-S2)
Artery - posterior tibial a
Action - plantarflexion
Plantaris
Origin - Above the lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - Dorsum of the calcaneus medial to the calcaneal tendon
Nerve - tibial n. (S1-S2)
Artery - popliteal a.
Action - plantarflexion, flexes the leg
Popliteus
Origin - Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - Posterior surface of the tibia above soleal line
Nerve - tibial n. (L4-S1)
Artery - popliteal a.
Action - Flexes, medially rotates the leg
With foot planted - laterally rotates the thigh
Tibialis posterior
Origin - Interosseus membrane, posterior medial surface of fibula, posterior lateral surface of tibia
Insertion - tuberosity of the navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms, and base of metatarsals 2-4
Nerve - tibial n. (L4-L5)
Artery - fibular a, posterior tibial a
Action - plantarflexion and inversion
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Origin - Lower 2/3 of posterior fibula
Insertion - base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
Nerve - tibial n. (S2-S3)
Artery - fibular a, posterior tibial a.
Action - Flexes great toe at MTP and IP joints, plantarflexion
Flexor digitorum Longus
Origin - middle half of posterior surface of tibia
Insertion - bases of distal phalanges digits 2-5
Nerve - tibial n. (S2-S3)
Artery - tibial a.
Action - Flexes digits 2-5 at MTP and IP joints, plantarflexion
Extensor digitorum brevis
Origin -Calcaneus, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion - long extensor tendons digits 2-4
Nerve - deep fibular n. (L5, S1)
Artery - dorsalis pedis a., arcuate a., lateral tarsal a.
Action - Extends toes 2-4 at the MTP and IP joints
Extensor hallicus brevis
Origin -Calcaneus, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion - base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Nerve - deep fibular n. (L5, S1)
Artery - dorsalis pedis a., arcuate a., lateral tarsal a.
Action - Extends the great toe at MTP joint
Abductor digiti minimi
Origin - medial and lateral side of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, plantar fascia
Insertion - lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Nerve - lateral plantar n.
Artery - lateral plantar a.
Action - Abducts and flexes the 5th toe
Abductor hallicus
Origin - medial and lateral side of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, plantar fascia
Insertion - the base of the proximal phalanx of great toe
Nerve - medial plantar n.
Artery - medial plantar a.
Action - Abducts and flexes the great toe
Dorsal interosseous
Origin - shafts of adjacent metatarsal bones
Insertion - base of the proximal phalanges for digits 2-4
Nerve - lateral plantar n.
Artery - dorsal metatarsal a.
Action - Abducts digits 2-4 away from midline, flexes at MTP joint, extends at IP joint
Plantar interosseous
Origin - base and medial side of metatarsals 2-4
Insertion - bases of proximal phalanges and extensors of digits 3-5
Nerve - lateral plantar n.
Artery - plantar metatarsal a.
Action - Adducts digits 3-5 toward midline, flexes at MTP joint, extends at IP joint
Lumbricals
Origin - tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
Insertion - medial side of digits 2-5
Nerve - medial and lateral plantar n.
Artery - medial and lateral plantar a.
Action - Flex at proximal IP joint, extend at middle and distal IP joints
Quadratus Plantae
Origin - medial and lateral side of plantar surface of calcaneus
Insertion - tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Nerve - lateral plantar n.
Artery - medial and lateral plantar a., deep plantar arch
Action - assist in flexion of lateral 4 toes
Flexor hallicus brevis
Origin - cuboid, lateral cuneiform, medial side of first metatarsal
Insertion - medial and lateral sides of proximal phalanx of great toe
Nerve - medial plantar n.
Artery - medial plantar a.
Action - Flex great toe at MTP joint
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Origin - base of 5th metatarsal
Insertion - lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe
Nerve - superficial lateral plantar n.
Artery - lateral plantar a.
Action - Flexes 5th digit at MTP joint
Flexor digitorum brevis
Origin - tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar fascia, intermuscular septae
Insertion - both sides of middle phalanges 2-5
Nerve - medial plantar n.
Artery - medial and lateral plantar a.
Action - Flex digits 2-5
Adductor hallicus
Origin - Oblique head: bases of metatarsal 2-4
Transverse head: heads of metatarsals 3-5
Insertion - Lateral side of proximal phalanx of great toe
Nerve - deep lateral plantar n.
Artery - medial and lateral plantar a., plantar arch
Action - Adducts great toe
