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PT Examination > Lower Gonio > Flashcards

Lower Gonio Flashcards

1
Q

Steps for assessing joint ROM

A

1) stabilize proximal segment
2) palpate landmarks
3) align goniometer
4) have patient move through maximum ROM
5) re-palpate landmarks and read scale

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2
Q

Which ROM comes first? Passive or active?

A

Active. Passive only if cannot due to injury/dysfunction

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3
Q

When assessing PASSIVE ROM, what is felt?

A

End feel

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4
Q

What does end-feel provide info on?

A

information on quality of resistance at end of ROM

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5
Q

What are 4 typical end feels?

A

Bony, capsular, muscular, soft tissue

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6
Q

Name 3 abnormal end feels?

A

Empty, springy, muscle spasm

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7
Q

Give an example of a bony/ hard end feel

A

Elbow extension

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8
Q

Give an example of a capsular/firm end feel

A

Elbow supination

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9
Q

Give an example of a muscular/firm end feel

A

Dorsiflexion with knee extension

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10
Q

Give an example of soft tissue end feel?

A

Elbow Flexion

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11
Q

Give an example of empty end feel?

A

Injury induced protective response

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12
Q

Give an example of a springy end feel?

A

Rebound at extreme of possible ROM due to injury

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13
Q

Hip Flexion

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

120, supine
Knee bent on bed.

SA= midline of pelvis/trunk
Fulcrum= Greater trochanter
MA= Lateral femoral condyle
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14
Q

Hip Abduction

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

45 degrees

Put patient on bed away from you to give more room. watch patellar movement.

SA= contralateral ASIS
Fulcrum=ipsilateral ASIS
MA=midline of patella

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15
Q

Hip adduction

A

return from abduction

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16
Q

Hip Extension

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-15 degrees

Prone

SA= midline trunk pelvis
Fulcrum= Greater Trochanter
MA= lateral femoral epicondyle
17
Q

Hip External Rotation

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-45 degrees

Prone, with cloth under knee to raise.

SA= perpendicular to floor
Fulcrum= midpoint of patella
MA= Anterior tibial crest
18
Q

Hip Internal Rotation

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-45 degrees

Prone, cloth under knee

SA= Perpendicular to floor
Fulcrum= Midpoint of patella
MA= Anterior tibial crest
19
Q

What muscle mainly causes lumbar lordosis?

A

Psoas Major ; flex opposite leg to alleviate tight iliopsoas.

20
Q

Always write reading as a what?

A

Range EX: 0-44

21
Q

Knee Flexion

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

Supine, 135 degrees

If hyperextension is present, needs to be measured.

SA=Greater trochanter
Fulcrum= Lateral Epicondyle of Femur
MA= Lateral malleolus

22
Q

Knee extension

A

Return from flexion

23
Q

Knee hyper extension

A

Have the cloth under achilles and see if you can align to 0

24
Q

Dorsiflexion with knee extended PRONE

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

Prone with feet off of the table. Pointed down 0-10 degrees.

SA= Fibular head , midline of fibula
Fulcrum= Lies where it may
MA= Along midline of 5th metatarsal
25
Q

Dorsiflexion with knee flexed PRONE

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

Prone with leg bent at 90 degree angle 15-20 due to relaxation of gastroc and soleus

SA= fibular head , midline of fibula
Fulcrum= Lies where it may
MA= Midline of 5th metatarsal
26
Q

Dorsiflexion with knee flexed SUPINE

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-20 supine, with pillow under knee and feet off bed.

SA= fibular head
Fulcrum=Lies where it may
MA= midline of 5th metatarsal

27
Q

Plantarflexion supine

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-50 degrees supine feet off bed and pillow under ankle

SA= Midline of fibula, fibular head
Fulcrum=Lies where it may
MA= midline of 5th metatarsal

28
Q

Watch out for what in dorsiflexion?

A

Eversion

29
Q

Foot inversion

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-35 degrees, sitting off bed or longsitting with pillow under knees

SA= Midline of tibial crest
Fulcrum= Talocrural joint midway between lateral and medial malleolus
MA= Along the 2nd metatarsal
30
Q

How much more inversion than eversion?

A

x2

31
Q

Foot eversion

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-15 degrees

Sitting off bed or longsitting with pillow under knees

SA= Midline of tibial crest
Fulcrum= Talocrural joint between malleoli
MA= 2nd metatarsal midline
32
Q

First MTP Extension

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-90 degrees , longsitting with pillow under knees

SA= midline of first metatarsal
Fulcrum=First MTP joint
MA=Midline of proximal phalanx of big toe

33
Q

First MTP flexion

Position? SA? Fulcrum? MA Normative values?

A

0-30 degrees, longsitting with pillow under knees

SA=midline of first metatarsal
Fulcrum= 1st MTP
MA= midline of proximal phalanx of big toe

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