lower gastrointestinal disease Flashcards
give an example of a gastrointestinal carcinoma
colorectal
What are complications can ulcerative colitis cause?
anaemia, electrolyte loss from diarrhoea, extra-intestinal disease, increased risk of carcinoma, surveillance for dylpasia
Features of ulcerative colitis
mucous disease
in colon only
starts in the rectum spreads proximally
What are the complications of crohns disease
anaemia, malabsorption; fat vit A,D,E, fistula, extra-intestinal, increased risk of bowel cancer, bowel obstruction and perforation
What is crohn’s disease
skip lesion
affects mouth to anus
it is an active chronic inflammation with non caseating epithelioid granuloma
can have fistula formation
What are the first signs of an appendicitis
pain in the umbilical region
What are the two forms of inflammatory bowel disease?
crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis
What is inflammatory bowel disease?
Chronic inflammatory, conditions unknown aetiology affecting the gastrointestinal tract
What causes ulcerative colitis
toxins produced by c.diff
What are the characteristics of inflammation of the colon?
inflammatory pseudomembrane overlying sites of mucosal injury
What is peritonitis
the peritoneum ( lining of the stomach is inflammed by maybe an infection)
What is visceral pain an example of?
referred pain
How can an appendix be inflamed
obstruction of appedican lumen via tumours, calcium, worms etc. this causes increased in bacterial invasion and the pain migrates to the right lower abdomen
what is the function of the large intestine?
mainly absorbs water and electrolytes to form a solid stool
