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Lower extremity nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Iliohypogastric: roots

A

T12-L1

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2
Q

Iliohypogastric: innervation sensory

A

Suprapubic region

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3
Q

Iliohypogastric: innervation motor

A

Transversus abdominis and internal oblique

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4
Q

Iliohypogastric: causes of injury

A

Abdominal surgery

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5
Q

Iliohypogastric: presentation

A

Burning or tingling pain in surgical incision site radiating to inguinal and suprapubic region

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6
Q

Genitofemoral: roots

A

L1-L2

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7
Q

Genitofemoral: innervation sensory

A

Scrotum/labia majora
Medial thigh

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8
Q

Genitofemoral: motor innervation

A

Cremaster

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9
Q

Genitofemoral: cause of injury

A

Laparoscopic injury

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10
Q

Genitofemoral: presentation

A

Decreased medial/anterior thigh sensation beneath the inguinal ligament

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11
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous: roots

A

L2-L3

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12
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous: innervation (sensory only)

A

Anterior and lateral thigh

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13
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous: cause of injury

A

Tight clothing, obesity, pregnancy, pelvic procedures

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14
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous: presentation

A

Decreased thigh sensation

Meralgia paresthetica: compression -> tingling, numbness, burning pain in anterolateral thigh

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15
Q

Obturator: roots

A

L2-L4

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16
Q

Obturator: innervation sensory

A

Medial thigh

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17
Q

Obturator: innervation motor

A

Obturator externus, adductor longus/magnus/brevis, gracilis, pectineus

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18
Q

Obturator: cause of injury

A

Pelvic surgery

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19
Q

Obturator: presentation

A

Decreased thigh sensation
Decreased adduction

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20
Q

Femoral: roots

A

L2-L4

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21
Q

Femoral: innervation sensory

A

Anterior thigh and medial leg

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22
Q

Femoral: innervation motor

A

quadriceps, iliacus, pectineus, sartorius

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23
Q

Femoral: cause of injury

A

Pelvic fracture

24
Q

Femoral: presentation

A

Decreased leg extension
(decreased patella reflex)

25
Q

Sciatic: roots

26
Q

Sciatic: innervation (motor only)

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, adductor magnus

27
Q

Sciatic: cause of injury

A

Herniated disc, posterior hip dislocation

28
Q

Sciatic: splits into which nerves?

A

Common peroneal and tibial nerves

29
Q

Common (fibular) peroneal: roots

30
Q

Common (fibular) peroneal: splits into which nerves?

A

Superficial and deep peroneal

31
Q

Superficial peroneal: roots

32
Q

Deep peroneal: roots

33
Q

Superficial peroneal: innervation sensory

A

Dorsum of feet (except space between hallux and 2nd digit)

34
Q

Superficial peroneal: innervation motor

A

Peroneus longus and brevis

35
Q

Deep peroneal: innervation sensory

A

Space between hallux and 2nd digit

36
Q

Deep peroneal: innervation motor

A

Tibialis anterior

37
Q

Common (fibular) peroneal: cause of injury

A

Trauma/compression to lateral leg
Fibular nek fracture

38
Q

Common (fibular) peroneal: presentation

A

Loss of sensation on dorsum of foot

Foot drop: inverted and plantarflexed at rest (loss of eversion and dorsiflexion)
-> Steppage gait (klapvoet)

39
Q

Tibial: roots

40
Q

Tibial: innervation sensory

A

Sole of foot

41
Q

Tibial: innervation motor

A

Biceps femoris, triceps surea (gastrocnemicus and soleus), plantaris, popliteus, flexor muscles of foot

42
Q

Tibial: cause of injury

A

Proximal: knee trauma, Bakers cyst
Distal: tarsal tunnel syndrome (distal lestion)

43
Q

Tibial: presentation

A

Loss of sensation sole
Inability to curl toes

Proximal: foot everted at rest, weakened inversion and plantar flexion

(Tibial inverts and platarflexes)

44
Q

Superior gluteal: roots

45
Q

Superior gluteal: innervation (motor only)

A

Gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fascia latae

46
Q

Superior gluteal: cause of injury

A

Iatrogenic during intramuscular injection to superomedial region

Prevent by choosing superolateral quadrant

47
Q

Superior gluteal: presentation

A

Trendelenburg sign: pelvis tilts because weight bearing leg cannot maintain alignment of pelvis through hip abduction

Lesion is in contralateral side of the hip that drips, ipsilateral to extremity on which the patient stands

48
Q

Inferior gluteal: roots

49
Q

Inferior gluteal: innervation (motor only)

A

Gluteus maximus

50
Q

Inferior gluteal: cause of injury

A

Posterior hip dislocation

51
Q

Inferior gluteal: presentation

A

Loss of hip extension

Difficulty climbing stairs, rising from seated position

52
Q

Pudendal: roots

53
Q

Pudendal: innervation (sensory)

54
Q

Pudendal: innervation (motor)

A

External urethral and anal sphincters

55
Q

Pudendal: cause of injury

A

Stretch injury during childbirth, prolonged cycling, horseback riding

56
Q

Pudendal: presentation

A

Decreased sensation in perineum and genital area: can cause fecal/urinary incontinence

57
Q

Pudendal: when can this be anesthetically blocked and what is the landmark?

A

During childbirth, using ischial spine as a landmark for injection

Musculoskeletal system (17 decks)

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