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General Anatomy (2nd year) > lower compartment > Flashcards

lower compartment Flashcards

1
Q

Gastrocnemius Medial Head Origin

A

superior & posterior part of the medial condyle of femur

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2
Q

Gastrocnemius Lateral Head Origin

A

lateral surface of lateral condyle

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3
Q

Gastrocnemius Insertion

A

middle 1/3 of posterior surface of calcaneus

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4
Q

Gastrocnemius Action

A

knee flexion, plantar flexion of talocrural joint

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5
Q

Gastrocnemius Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (S1 - S2)

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6
Q

Soleus Origin

A

back of head of fibula, upper 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line of tibia

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7
Q

Soleus Insertion

A

tendo calcaneus

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8
Q

Soleus Action

A

plantarflexion of talocrural joint

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9
Q

Soleus Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L5, S1-S2)

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10
Q

Plantaris Origin

A

lower part of lateral supracondylar line, oblique popliteal ligament, belly is ~ 7-10cm long

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11
Q

Plantaris Insertion

A

tendo calcaneus

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12
Q

Plantaris Action

A

aids gastrocnemius

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13
Q

Plantaris Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L4-L5, S1-S2)

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14
Q

Popliteus Origin

A

lateral condyle of femur (below & behind epicondyle), oblique popliteal ligament, lateral meniscus

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15
Q

Popliteus Insertion

A

triangular area above soleal line

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16
Q

Popliteus Action

A

medial rotation of tibia/lateral rotation of femur, unlocks the knee @ beginning of flexion from full extension, also helps to reinforce posteriorr ligaments of knee joint

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17
Q

Popliteus Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L4-L5, S1)

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18
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin

A

lower 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscle septa & fascia, muscles passes obliquely down leg

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19
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Insertion

A

plantar aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

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20
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Action

A

flexion of IP & MTP joints of great toe, plantar flexion of talocrural joint, inversion of subtalar joint

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21
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L5, S1-S2)

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22
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin

A

posterior surface of tibia (medial to tib. Post, below soleal line), fascia covering tibialis posterior, mm belly extends within 7-8cm of distal end of tibia

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23
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Insertion

A

Passes behind the medial malleolus, passes obliquely forward & laterally (medial to FHL), to plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanges of toes 2-5

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24
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Action

A

Flexion of DIP, PIP, MTP joints of 2-5th digits, plantar flexion of talocrural joint, inversion of subtalar joint

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25
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L5, S1-S2)

26
Q

Tibialis Posterior Origin

A

posterior surface of tibia, interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa & deep fascia, upper 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula

27
Q

Tibialis Posterior 1st tendon Insertion

A

tubercle of navicular, medial cuneiform, cuboid

28
Q

Tibialis Posterior 2nd Tendon Insertion

A

intermediate cuneiform, bases of 2nd, 3rd & 4th metatarsal

29
Q

Tibialis Posterior Action

A

inversion of subtalar joint, plantarflexion of talocrural joint, maintains medial longitudinal arch in dynamic work

30
Q

Tibialis Posterior Nerve

A

Tibial Nerve (L4-L5, S1)

31
Q

Tibialis Anterior Origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia, upper 1/2 of lateral surface of tibia, anterior interosseous membrane

32
Q

Tibialis Anterior Insertion

A

medial & plantar surface of medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal

33
Q

Tibialis Anterior Action

A

dorsi flexion of talocrural joint, inversion of subtalar joint, acts from below to maintain balance, supports medial longitudinal arch in walking

34
Q

Tibialis Anterior Nerve

A

Deep Peroneal Nerve (L4-L5, S1)

35
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin

A

middle 1/2 of anteromedial surface of fibula, middle 1/2 of anterior lateral interosseous membrane

36
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe, slip to base of proximal phalanx

37
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Action

A

extension of phalanges of great toe at IP & MTP joints, dorsiflexion of talocrural joint

38
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Nerve

A

Deep Peroneal Nerve (L4-L5, S1)

39
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, upper 3/4 of antermedial surface of fibula, upper anterior lateral surface of interosseous membrane

40
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Insertion

A

base of middle phalanx (intermediate slip), base of distal phalanx (2 lateral slips)

41
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Action

A

extension of toes @ DIP, PIP, MTP joints, dorsiflexion of talocrural joint

42
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Nerve

A

Peroneal Nerve (L4-L5, S1)

43
Q

Peroneus Longus Origin

A

head of fibula, upper 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

44
Q

Peroneus Longus Insertion

A

lateral side of base of 1st metatarsal (plantar aspect), lateral side of medial cuneiform (plantar aspect)

45
Q

Peroneus Longus Action

A

eversion of subtalar joint, plantar flexion of talocrural joint, helps to maintain longitudinal & transverse arch

46
Q

Peroneus Longus Nerve

A

Superficial Peroneal Nerve ( L4-L5, S1)

47
Q

Peroneus Brevis Origin

A

lower 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, anterior to peroneus longus

48
Q

Peroneus Brevis Insertion

A

tubercle (styloid) on the base of 5th metatarsal

49
Q

Peroneus Brevis Action

A

eversion of subtalar joint, plantar flexion of talocrural joint

50
Q

Peroneus Brevis Nerve

A

Superficial Peroneal Nerve ( L4-L5, S1)

51
Q

The medial surface of the fibula has an articular facet that articulates with what?

A

The lateral surface of the talus

52
Q

Which tibial condyle is oval & which is circular?

A

Circular - lateral condyle

Oval - medial condyle

53
Q

What % of weight bearing does the fibula account for?

A

10-15% at most

54
Q

What crosses obliquely at the upper end of the posterior surface of the tibia?

A

Soleal line

55
Q

How many boarders & surfaces does the tibia have?

A

3 of each

Triangular

56
Q

What does the horizontal roughened groove on the medial condyle of the tibia posterior surface provide insertion for?

A

Semimembranosus

57
Q

What 2 borders are the posterior surface of the tibia found between?

A

Medial & interosseous borders

58
Q

How many degrees is the distal end of the tibia rotated in relation to the proximal end?

A

30*

59
Q

Where is the fibular notch located on the tibia?

A

Lateral surface of the lower end of the tibia

60
Q

List 3 characteristics of the tibial tuberosity

A

1) anterior
2) triangular
3) attachment for patellar tendon

General Anatomy (2nd year) (8 decks)

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