foot Flashcards
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Origin
Dorsal, distal, lateral aspect of calcaneous, shared origin w/bifurcate ligament, divides into 4 tendons
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Insertion
Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe, 2-4 & proximal phalanx
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action
Extension of DIP, PIP, MTP joints of 2-5 & of the great toe
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Nerve
Deep Peroneal nerve
Abductor Hallucis Origin
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity, adjacent intermuscular septum, flexor retinaculum, plantar apneurosis
Abductor Hallucis Insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe, attach to medial sesamoid bone
Abductor Hallucis Action
abduction of MTP joint of great toe, flexion of MTP joint of great toe assists w/adduction
Abductor Hallucis Nerve
medial tibial nerve
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Origin
medial process of calcaneous, plantar aponeurosis, 4 tendons
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Insertion
slips insert on each side of middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Action
flexion of PIP, MTP joint of 2-5 digits
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Nerve
medial & lateral plantar nerves
Adcutor Digiti Minimi Origin
medial & lateral calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis
Adcutor Digiti Minimi Insertion
tuberosity of 5th MT, lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of 5th
Abdcutor Digiti Minimi Action
abduction of MTP joint of 5th digit, flexion of MTP 5th toe
Abdcutor Digiti Minimi Nerve
lateral tibial nerve
Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Origin
medial & lateral surface of calcaneus
Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Insertion
join the FDL tendon
Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Action
modifies the line of pull
Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Nerve
medial & lateral tibial nerve
What helps maintain the medial longitudinal arch?
Plantar surface of the navicular
What does the lateral surface of the calcareous provide attachment for?
Peroneal Trochlea
- peroneus brevis
- peroneus longus
- calcaneofibular ligament
What does the sulcus tali provide attachment/groove for?
Talocalcaneal ligament
Where is the sulcus tali found?
On the plantar surface of the neck of the talus
List 3 characteristics of the talocrural joint?
- synovial
- uniaxial hinge
- not overly developed joint b/c there is a lot of movement
What does the medial aspect of the medial cuneiform provide insertion for?
Tibialis anterior
What does the plantar surface of the lateral cuneiform provide insertion for?
Tibialis posterior
What are the proximal & distal articulations of the cuneiform?
Proximal - navicular
Distal - bases of 1st, 2nd & 3rd metatarsals
What does the lateral surface of the navicular articulate with?
Cuboid
How do you palpate the navicular tubercle?
Anterior and inferior to medial malleolus
What does the navicular lie between?
Head of the talus & the 3 cuneiform bones
On which surface of the calcareous is the sustentaculum tali found?
Medial aspect
What does the posterior 1/3 of the dorsal surface of the calcaneous provide attachment for?
Achilles Tendon
What does the lateral part of the neck of the talus provide attachment for?
ATFL
What does the dorsal surface of the talus articulate with?
Lower end of the tibia?
What does the inferior portion of the talus articulate with?
Calcaneous
Which way does the head of the talus face?
Anterior
Inferior
Medial
The longitudinal & transverse arch are formed by…
Tarsals and metatarsals
How many tarsal bones are there?
Name them…
7 Navicular Cuneiform (3) Talus Calcaneous Cuboid
What is another name of the talo-calcaneo-navicular joint & what type is it?
Anterior Subtalar Joint
- synovial
- multi-axial
- talonavicular part = ball & socket
How many facets does the articular surfaces of the talus & calcaneus have?
3
Anterior
Posterior
Medial
What is the anatomical name for the spring ligament?
Plantar calcaneo-navicular ligament
What are the middle & posterior fibres of the Deltoid Ligament?
Middle: tibio-calcaneal ligament
Posterior: posterior tibio-talar ligament
What are the anterior fibres of the Deltoid Ligament?
Tibio-navicular ligament
Anterior tibio-talar ligament
What are the 4 superficial fibres of the Deltoid Ligament?
Tibio-navicular ligament
Anterior tibio-talar ligament
Tibio-calcaneal ligament
Posterior tibio-talar ligament
Which way does the talus glide during plantar/dorsi flexion?
Which was is difficult?
Plantar flexion: anterior
Dorsi flexion: posterior
Harder for talus to glide posterior due to structures behind it
List the Deltoid Ligaments?
1) anterior tibial talar ligament
2) posterior tibial talar ligament
3) tibio calcaneal
4) tibionavicular - anterior
List the lateral ankle ligaments?
1) anterior talo fibular (ATFL)
2) posterior talo fibular (PTFL)
3) calcaneofibular (CFL)
