lower arm and hand Flashcards
how are the phalanges named / classified?
proximal, middle, and distal
the Olecranon is the proximal part of the ____ bone
Ulna
which is longer, ulna or radius?
ulna, it extends more proximally
what is on the posterior surface of the ulna?
the Olecranon
differences between the anterior and posterior view of the hand?
how are the fingers numbered?
Thumbs is always 1, pinky always 5
how many phalanges are in each finger?
3 phalanges in each finger, only 2 in thumb
how are the phalanges named / classified?
proximal, middle, and distal
Location and purpose of interosseus membrane?
Location: between radius and ulna
Purpose: increases surface area for
muscle attachment
UPDATE
Name the joints of the wrist and hand, using reference image (A-E)
UPDATE
see image
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Radius + Ulna in SUPINATION (anatomical position)
ADD IMAGE
- Forearm is supinated = radius and ulna are parallel to one another
- Radial tuberosity faces anteriorly
ADD IMAGE
Radius + Ulna in PRONATION
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- Forearm in pronated = radius is medially rotated around stationary ulna
- Radial tuberosity faces posterior
- Proximal radioulnar joint: head of radius pivots around its long axis
- Distal radioulnar joint: distal radius pivots around the head of the ulna
Distal Radioulnar Joint: permits which movements?
- medial/lateral rotation
- pronation/supination of forearm
*The head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of distal radius
Proximal Radioulnar Joint: permits which movements?
- medial/lateral rotation
- pronation/supination of forearm
*Head of radius articulates with radial
notch of proximal ulna
Elbow Joint:
- permits which movements?
- what are it’s 2 articulations?
- flexion / extension
Articulations:
1. Humeroulnar (teal)
2. Humeroradial (purple)
two carpal bones that can’t be palpated
lunate and trapezoid
How is ulna different from radius?
- ulna is located medially
- is longer than the radius
- proximal end (upper part) is larger compared to its distal end
how is the radius different then the ulna?
radius is shorter and located more laterally
Ulna articulates with ….
the humerus proximally and the radius distally
Label parts, anterior view ulna + radius
Anterior view, Ulna and radius
A = trochlear notch
B = olecranon process
C = coronoid process
D = head of ulna
E = ulnar styloid process
Bone? View? Landmarks?
A = head of radius
B = neck of radius
C = radial tuberosity
D = radial styloid process
E = carpal articular surface
what occurs at the radial tuberosity, and what does it allow for?
- insertion site for tendon of the bicep
- allows for pronation of forearm
Bones? Names? Mneumonic?
Carpals - Anterior view
Straight Line to Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb
A = scaphoid
B = lunate
C = triquetrum
D = pisiform
E = hamate
F = capitate
G = trapezoid
H = trapezium
largest carpal bone
capitate
what is the joint in green? permits what movement?
green: proximal radioulnar joint
- permits medial/lateral rotation →
pronation/supination of forearm
distal radioulnar joint permits what movement?
- permits medial and lateral rotation, and therefore pronation and supination of the forearm
what muscle mainly helps initiate supination of forearm?
bicep
what happens when forearm is pronated?
… to the proximal radioulnar joint?
…to the distal radioulnar joint?
- radius is medially rotated around stationary ulna
- radial tuberosity faces posteriorly
- proximal radioulnar joint → head of radius pivots around its long axis
- distal radioulnar joint → distal radius pivots around the head of the ulna
