Lower Abdominal Cavity - ACht Flashcards
Borders of the pelvic outlet?
Pubic arch Ischiopubic rami Sacrotuberous ligaments Tip of coccyx
Which ligaments keep the sacrum from rotating?
Posterior and anterior Sacroiliac ligaments resist forward rotation of upper sacrum Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments resist backward rotation of lower sacrum
What are the 4 pelvic shape types? Which are the most common in males and females?
Android - typical male Gynecoid - typical female Anthropoid Platypoid
How do you measure the diagonal conjugate? What is this used to estimate?
Diagonal conjugate measured by bimanual exam from the promontory of the sacrum to the pubic symphysis. Used to estimate the obstetric conjugate. Whch has to be over 10cm for the baby’s head to pass through the pelvis during birth
The broad ligament can be divided into 3 main areas: Coming off the uterus: The fallopian tubes: The ovaries:
Coming off the uterus: Mesometrium The fallopian tubes: Mesosalpinx The ovaries: Mesovarium
A weakening of what structure during childbirth may be contributing to your patient’s bladder prolapse? What about uterus prolapse?
Damage to the perineal body can contribute to pelvic organ prolapse. (Perineal body is the insertion point for muscles responsible for supporting the pelvic organs) One treatment is surgically tightening the uterosacral ligaments.
The sympathetic component in the inferior hypogastric plexus comes from what two sources?
Lumbar splanchnics Sacral splanchnics These are preganglionic sympathetic fibers descended from L1-L2 that synapse within the inferior hypogastric plexus
Where does the parasympathetic component in the inferior hypogastric plexus come from?
The pelvic splanchnics S2,S3,S4 Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that pass through the inferior hypogastric plexus and synapse in the walls of the pelvic organs
During an annual gynecological exam, a physician performs a digital rectal examination. A firm structure lying in the midline, directly in front of the rectum, is palpated through the anterior wall. What is this structure?
Cervix
Which part of the broad ligament gives support and attachment to the uterine tube?
Mesosalpinx
The male pelvis tends to differ from the female pelvis in that the male pelvis usually has a?
- larger pelvic inlet
- larger pelvic outlet
- rounder pelvic inlet
- smaller subpubic angle
- shorter sacral curvature
smaller subpubic angle
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