Low vision and visual rehabilitation Flashcards
What are the main causes of visual impairment in children?
congenital cataracts buphthalmos due to congential glaucoma albinism retinopathy of prematurity optic atrophy myopia
What makes congenital cataracts harder to treat than normal cataracts?
Children cannot have a replacement lense (aphakic) like adults. So strong glasses or contracts are used to stimulate visual development
What is Buphthalmos?
Congential glaucoma
due to a congential abnormality that blocks the drainage of aqueous.
What is the most basic sign of buphthalmos?
As the childs eye is more flexible you will see it bulge just with basic observation.
Explain the issues with being born myopic.
Most infants are born slightly hyperopic/hypermetropia/long-sighted
but those born myopic tend to become more myopic with age as the eye tends to elongate with development
This may need managing with lenses or glasses but resolution will still be worse than others, even with correction.
What are the main causes of poor vision in working age adults?
diabetic retinopathy
myopia
uveitis
(corneal dystrophies, macular degenerations and retinitis pigmentosa)
What are the main causes of poor vision in the elderly?
age related macular problems (dry and wet)
glaucoma
inoperable cataracts
(diabetic retinopathy/maculopathies)
What is the benefit of LogMAR charts over snellen charts?
LogMAR charts are fairer as there is an equal number of letters per line.
Name some advantages of soft lenses?
Comfortable (as flexible) Secure fit (good for sport)
Name some disadvantages of soft lenses?
They can split (if worn for long time)
They are more expensive
Get deposits on them from tears
Name some advantages of rigid gas permeable lenses?
Fewer problems with deposits
Better for all day wear
Creates smoother ocular surface, thus better for astigmatism
Name some disadvantages of rigid gas permeable lenses?
Uncomfortable initially
Less secure as small diameter
