Loss of vision Flashcards
Name the conditions that result in sudden loss of vision?
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (Giant cell arteritis)
What are the signs and symptoms of Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy?
Symptoms: - Gradual loss of vision - Headache - Loss of apetite - Scalp tenderness, ulceration - Pain on chewing Signs: - Tender superficial temporal artery - Raised inflammatory markers
How do you manage Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy?
High dose systematic steroid’s
Name the conditions that result in gradual loss of vision?
Cataract
Glaucoma
Diabetic retinopathy
Age related muscle degeneration (AMD)
How do you treat a cataract?
Photoemulsification
What are the signs and symtoms of glaucoma and how do you treat it?
Loss of peripheral vision
Loss of vision
Redness
Opaque lens
Treatment:
Trabeculotomy
Eye drops
What is dry (AMD) and what are the symtoms and signs?
Loss of vision over a period of years due to old age and build up of Drunsen
Symptoms - Loss of central vision, Introsion
Signs, - Build up of drunsen, yellow pigment changes in epithelium,
What is wet (AMD) and what are the signs and symptoms?
Loss of vision in a short period of time, weeks to months due to invasive growth of blood vessels disrupting the phototransduction receptors
What investigations are there in AMD?
OTC
Fluorescence dye
What treatment is there for wet AMD?
Anti vascular endothelium growth factor and low vision aids
What is Diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of gradual vision loss
What are the signs of diabetic retinopathy?
Micro aneurysm
Neovasculrations
Retinal haemorrhages
What are the investigations and treatments for diabetic retinopathy?
OCT and fluorescence
Anti vascular endothelial growth factor
Low vision aids
Panretinal photocaugulation
